A review of helical carbon materials structure, synthesis and applications
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A review of helical carbon materials structure, synthesis and applications Ding-Chuan Wang, Yu Lei, Wei Jiao*
, Yi-Fan Liu*
, Chun-Hong Mu, Xian Jian*
Received: 16 June 2020 / Revised: 17 September 2020 / Accepted: 10 October 2020 Ó GRINM Bohan (Beijing) Publishing Co., Ltd 2020
Abstract The helical structures possess unique physical and chemical properties, such as superelasticity, high specific strength, chirality, and electromagnetic cross-polarization characteristics. With the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology, helical structures with various scales have been discovered or synthesized artificially. Among them, the helical carbon materials receive much attention around the world. Herein, we present a brief review of the development of helical carbon materials in terms of structures, synthesis techniques and mechanisms, and applications. The controllable designing of catalysts, carbon sources and reaction parameters plays a key role to optimize the properties of the helical carbon materials. At the same time, the applications in microwave absorption devices, sensors, catalysts, energy conversions and storage devices, and solar cell are also presented. For the good chemical and physical properties, helical carbon materials have a good application prospect in many fields. The D.-C. Wang, W. Jiao*, Y.-F. Liu*, C.-H. Mu, X. Jian* School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China e-mail: [email protected] Y.-F. Liu e-mail: [email protected] X. Jian e-mail: [email protected] Y. Lei School of Public Affairs and Law, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China X. Jian National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
potential issues and future opportunities of the helical carbon materials are also proposed. Keywords Helical carbon materials; Coil; Synthesis mechanisms; Applications
1 Introduction The helical structures are widely found in nature, such as grape vine, amino acids, proteins tornado, and conch. Since Watson and Crick [1, 2] discovered the helical structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in 1953, the molecular helical structures have attracted great attention in the past decades. Carbon is one of the most important materials in nature [3]. In the past years, carbon materials have attracted more and more interest [4–11]. Since the 1980s, people have gradually discovered carbon nanomaterials including fullerenes [12, 13], carbon nanotubes [14–16], carbon nanofibers [17, 18], graphenes [19–21], etc. Among these carbon materials, helical carbon materials (HCMs) have been widely studied due to their great potential applications. In 1953, Davis et al. [22] firstly discovered the helical carbon fibers by the catalytic cracking of CO on the surface of refractory bricks. From then on, various morphologies helical carb
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