Adsorption of anionic Acid Blue 25 on chitosan-modified cotton gin trash film
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Adsorption of anionic Acid Blue 25 on chitosan-modified cotton gin trash film Abu Naser Md Ahsanul Haque . Rechana Remadevi . Xungai Wang . Maryam Naebe
Received: 4 June 2020 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Dye wastewater containing non-fixed dyes discarded from different manufacturing industries is a major concern in environmental pollution. Amongst all other non-fixed dyes, anionic dyes hold a significant share in the dye wastewater (32–90%) stream, due to their extensive uses. In this study, cotton gin trash (CGT) is proposed for valorisation and utilisation as a bioadsorbent for the anionic dye. Gin trash was transformed into a film by a single-step process. Since -OH group rich CGT film tends to adsorb cationic dye, chitosan that has adsorption capability towards anionic dyes was used to modify CGT by introducing positive charges for the adsorption of anionic Acid Blue 25 (AB). The morphology, roughness, chemical structure and zeta potential of the raw CGT powder and chitosan-modified CGT (CHT–CGT) film were reported. The fabricated film showed roughness and pores in the surface favouring the dye adsorption. The adsorption process followed the physisorption
phenomenon rather than the chemisorption process, where cationic CHT–CGT film attracted anionic AB. Kinetics and equilibrium adsorption of the system were described as favourable, fitting better with the Langmuir model compared to Freundlich, Dubinin– Radushkevich and Flory–Huggins isotherms. The maximum adsorption of the CHT–CGT film was 151.5 mg/g, compares favourably among other reported lignocellulosic waste. Besides, CHT–CGT film was found reusable after desorption, without significantly altering its removal efficiency. The results along with our previous report explore a sustainable pathway of adding value to CGT as a dye bioadsorbent from wastewater, where unmodified and chitosan-modified CGT films together have the potential to separate both cationic and anionic dyes concurrently.
A. N. M. A. Haque R. Remadevi X. Wang M. Naebe (&) Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia e-mail: [email protected]
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Cellulose
Graphic abstract
Keywords Cellulose Anionic dye Chitosan Intraparticle diffusion Agricultural waste Sustainability
Introduction Dyes are extensively used in numerous essential manufacturing industries (e.g., textile, paper, leather) due to their ability to produce colour. The estimated consumption of dye per year worldwide is near 700,000 tons, of which 10–15% discarded into the wastewater (Haque et al. 2019). Among the dyeutilising industries, textile industry consumes around 54% dyes alone, accountable as the major contributor in dye contamination (Katheresan et al. 2018). According to the ionic characteristics, dyes can be anionic (acid, reactive and direct dyes), cationic (basic dye) and non-ionic (disperse dye, vat, sulphur) in nature (Srinivasan and Viraraghavan 2010
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