Airborne Microplastics
The atmosphere is populated by different types of particles, including those of synthetic origin. Originating from products and activities, such as textiles and tire abrasion, microplastics and microfibers are released into the indoor and outdoor air. In
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Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthetic Particles in the Atmosphere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current Observations of Microplastics and Microfibers Suspended in the Atmosphere and in Atmospheric Fallout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Developments and Limitations of Sampling Methodologies for Airborne Microplastics . . . Sources and Fate of Microplastics and Microfibers in the Atmosphere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impacts on Environment and Human Health of Atmospheric Contamination with Microplastics and Microfibers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Summary and Future Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Abstract
The atmosphere is populated by different types of particles, including those of synthetic origin. Originating from products and activities, such as textiles and tire abrasion, microplastics and microfibers are released into the indoor and outdoor air. In the environment, these airborne microplastics and microfibers are released, J. C. Prata (*) · J. P. da Costa · A. C. Duarte · T. Rocha-Santos Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] J. L. Castro (*) Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] M. Cerqueira Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 T. Rocha-Santos et al. (eds.), Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10618-8_37-1
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transported by the wind, deposited, and resuspended, crossing boundaries between environmental compartments in a dynamic exchange. Eventually, they find their way into our respiratory systems where, in high concentrations, they may cause chronic inflammatory lesions. The presence of synthetic particles in the atmosphere has been detected in 14 studies, with varying methodological approaches for the sampling of suspended or deposited
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