Biogas production management systems with model predictive control of anaerobic digestion processes
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RESEARCH PAPER
Biogas production management systems with model predictive control of anaerobic digestion processes Kazuto Yoshida1 · Naoto Shimizu2 Received: 12 April 2020 / Accepted: 7 July 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract We developed a biogas production management system to control biogas production by determining the feedstock inputs to the anaerobic digestion process according to fluctuations of the renewable energy supply. The developed system consists of three functions: a prediction model for the anaerobic digestion processes, a parameter-estimation system, and a feedstockdetermination controller. A prediction model for the anaerobic digestion processes in a state-space representation was constructed for the input–output relationship of biogas generation from organic compounds and the state of methane fermentation. A parameter-estimation system that estimated the parameters included in the prediction model from actual operating process data was built based on adaptive identification theory. The feedstock-determination controller was established based on model predictive control as a method to control biogas production. From the results of the identification experiment, the least square estimator of the parameters converged as the training data increased, and a reliable parameter was given in 1 week. From the results of the numerical simulation and the control experiment, it was confirmed that the biogas production management system developed in this study had a high prediction accuracy and control performance. Keywords Management system · Anaerobic digestion process · Prediction model · Feedstock determination · Numerical optimization
Introduction Increasing and stabilizing renewable energy supply, which will not be exhausted, is necessary and can be achieved with sustainable-development goals. However, current global energy consumption depends primarily on fossil fuels, which are becoming scarce. Thus, there is significant risk if all production activities ended due to resource depletion. Renewable energy output fluctuation due to varying environmental conditions, such as with wind and solar power, can inhibit the spread of renewable energy. For practical applications, backup via stable power sources, such as thermal or nuclear power, and energy carriers manufacturing, such as hydrogen, are required. In the future, it will be necessary to build an * Naoto Shimizu [email protected] 1
Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8589, Japan
Agricultural Engineering Laboratory, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita‑ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060‑8589, Japan
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energy management system that leads to a stable supply of renewable energy without fossil fuels. Szarka et al. [1] and Hahn et al. [2] stated that biomass is one of the more robust renewable resources. It is impacted upon less by environmental change and has the potential for flexible power generation to compensate for such fluctuations. Biomass will play an importa
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