Characterization of chlorophyll-deficient soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] mutants obtained by ion-beam irradiation rev
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Characterization of chlorophyll-deficient soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] mutants obtained by ion-beam irradiation reveals concomitant reduction in isoflavone levels Yui Shiroshita . Mashiro Yuhazu . Yoshihiro Hase . Tetsuya Yamada . Jun Abe . Akira Kanazawa
Received: 13 February 2020 / Accepted: 1 November 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Ion-beam irradiation serves as a powerful tool of mutagenesis for engineering novel traits in a wide range of plants. A previous study indicated that coincidental changes in multiple traits are frequently induced by ion-beam irradiation in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], a paleopolyploid plant whose genome comprises a large number of duplicated genes. Here we analyzed the levels of isoflavones, major secondary compounds in soybean seeds, in a population of mutants with various degrees of chlorophyll deficiency induced by the mutagenesis. The isoflavones daidzin, genistin, and their respective malonylglucosides were significantly reduced in 4–9 plant lines among 28 lines analyzed. The average levels of chlorophyll in the leaf tissues were correlated with the level of each isoflavone in seeds from multiple lines. In selected mutant lines, the levels of isoflavones were
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-020-01061-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Y. Shiroshita M. Yuhazu T. Yamada J. Abe A. Kanazawa (&) Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan e-mail: [email protected] Y. Hase Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Takasaki 370-1292, Japan
lower than in the wild-type plants throughout seed development. Gene expression profiles indicated that the mRNA levels of multiple genes involved in the isoflavone synthetic pathway were also reduced during seed development in these mutants, consistent with the reduced levels of the compounds. These data suggest that ion-beam irradiation caused changes in multiple pathways of metabolism directly or indirectly and can provide useful plant resources for dissecting isoflavone synthesis and/or accumulation in soybean. Keywords Chlorophyll deficiency Ion-beam irradiation Isoflavone Mutagenesis Soybean
Introduction Mutations have successfully been induced using various tools to generate plants with novel traits. In soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], mutants with traits desirable for breeding have been obtained via mutagenesis using ionizing radiation or chemicals; such altered traits include seed composition (Williams and Hanway 1961; Hajika et al. 1991; Hayashi et al. 1998; Anai et al. 2012), nodule formation (Carroll et al. 1985), herbicide resistance (Sebastian et al. 1989) and various traits relevant to plant growth and development (Rawlings et al. 1958; Khan and Tyagi 2013). Transposon-media
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