Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assays Methods and Protocols
Over the past twenty years, the development of chromatin immunoprecipitation, or ChIP, assays has immensely enhanced the biological significance of the multifaceted DNA-binding proteins. In Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assays: Methods and Protocols, rese
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M O L E C U L A R B I O L O G Y TM
Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/7651
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assays Methods and Protocols
Edited by
Philippe Collas University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Editor Philippe Collas Department of Biochemistry University of Oslo Oslo 0372 Norway [email protected] Series Editor John Walker University of Hertfordshire Halfield, Herts UK
ISSN 1064-3745 e-ISSN 1940-6029 ISBN 978-1-60327-413-5 e-ISBN 978-1-60327-414-2 DOI 10.1007/978-1-60327-414-2 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009931091 # Humana Press, a part of Springer ScienceþBusiness Media, LLC 2009 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Humana Press, c/o Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Cover illustration: The background art is derived from Figure 2 in Chapter 7 Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer ScienceþBusiness Media (www.springer.com)
Preface Virtually all aspects of cellular function, such as replication of DNA, separation of chromosomes during cell division, DNA repair, or gene expression, depend on the interaction of proteins with DNA. The nature of DNA-binding proteins is wide and ranges from structural proteins making up the nucleosome, enzymes modulating chromatin structure to enable, facilitate, or repress gene expression, transcription factors, and various cofactors. The biological significance of these associations in the context of gene expression, development, cell differentiation, and disease has immensely been enhanced in the past 20 years by the advent of a technique referred to as chromatin immunoprecipitation, or ChIP. The purpose of the ChIP assay is to identify genomic sequence(s) associated with a protein of interest, for example, your favorite transcription factor, in the genome. ChIP, then, has become the technique of choice to determine the genomic enrichment profile
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