Cisplatin
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Various toxicities: case report A 23-year-old woman developed nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, metabolic acidosis, acute renal failure, acute respiratory failure and fatal cardiorespiratory arrest following treatment with cisplatin for squamous cell carcinoma cancer of mouth and leukoplakia of tongue. The woman, who was diagnosed with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), presented with a 8-month history of macula and sore in mouth. Based on the clinical findings, she was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of mouth and leukoplakia manifesting as hyperkeratosis with discrete atypia. Three months following the diagnosis, she underwent excision of the malignant lesion and resection of cervical ganglia was also performed. Two months later, she received radiotherapy. Thereafter, at 1.30PM, she received her first chemotherapy session with 50mL of cisplatin 50mg [route not stated]. However, the following day at 1:00PM, she developed diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting, which further worsened, and she presented to the emergency department. She was admitted to the ICU at 6:50AM on Monday with impaired renal function, with high levels of urea and creatinine. She was responsive and conscious; however, she had tachycardia and dyspnoea and received catheter oxygen supplementation. With reduced vesicular murmurs, no adventitious noises, preserved peripheral perfusion and Foley catheter with poor diuresis, she progressed to significant metabolic acidosis, acute renal failure and acute respiratory failure. She was intubated around 11:40AM on Monday. Thereafter, a central venous catheter was inserted. The woman was treated with unspecified vasoactive drug, and haemodialysis was started. She experienced two cardiopulmonary arrests in the morning, which were reversed and followed by motor and respiratory physiotherapies. In the afternoon, she again experienced a cardiopulmonary arrest. The attempt of cardiopulmonary resuscitation was unsuccessful and she died 73 hours following cisplatin chemotherapy due to cardiopulmonary arrest. Carneiro MC, et al. Unusual intraoral cancer with unexpected outcome in a patient with xeroderma pigmentosum: An alert for antineoplastic treatment. Oral Surgery, Oral 803501203 Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology 129: e1-e11, No. 1, Jan 2020. Available from: URL: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2019.09.017
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Reactions 19 Sep 2020 No. 1822
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