Design and Performance Improvement of Optical Chemical Sensor Based Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) in the Terahertz (THz)
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Design and Performance Improvement of Optical Chemical Sensor Based Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) in the Terahertz (THz) Wave Propagation Md. Selim Hossain 1
&
Shuvo Sen 2
Received: 30 April 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract A heptagonal cladding (HC) with the rotated-hexacore (RH) in photonic crystal fiber (H-PCF) has been made for the field of chemical sensing in the terahertz (THz) area. There are five layers of circular air holes (CAH) in the heptagonal cladding region and two layers of rotated-hexa of CAH in the area of the core that have been second hand to enterprise this PCF. This suggested H-PCF, a full-vectorial finite element method (FEM) and perfectly matched layers (PML) boundary condition has been utilized based on a software instrument. After simulation results, the proposed sensor displays the relative sensitivity (RS) 68.48%, 69.20%, 66.78% and the confinement losses (CL) are 2.13 × 10−09 dB/m, 1.92 × 10−09 dB/m and 2.70 × 10−06 dB/m for focused analytics Ethanol (n = 1.354), Benzene (n = 1.366) and Water (n = 1.330) independently at 1 THz frequency regime. We have also discussed total power fraction, effective mode index, and effective area elaborately here. However, our proposed H-PCF is suitable for the user such as in chemical sensors as well as in many diverse industrial and medical areas. Keywords Terahertz chemical sensor . Relative sensitivity . Effective mode index . Confinement loss . Total power fraction . Heptagonal photonic crystal fiber
1 Introduction Terahertz (THz) is an important segment of the electromagnetic band that can be divided into the microwave frequency (MF) and the infrared frequency (IF) area. Recently, terahertz PCF has a multipurpose application such as spectroscopy [1], biotechnology, medical sectors, and industrial applications. Terahertz frequency (TF) within the electronics and photonics layer is known as the THz gap. The depth of penetration of TFs is compared to the fewer amounts than IFs [2] where radiation of electromagnetic is so high in THz region which * Shuvo Sen [email protected] 1
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Khwaja Yunus Ali University, Enayetpur, Sirajganj 6751, Bangladesh
2
Department of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University (MBSTU), Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
is uncountable by the electronic pledge [2, 3]. There is an important aspect of terahertz radiation is unable to penetrate any nonconductive objects [4]. Present-day, investigation about terahertz recognizing is being distended rapidly. Various techniques have been recently working for the certification of numerous chemical analyses. Cordeiro [5] has presented a PCF sensor for the predication of fluids and gases in the core area (CA). By implementing this THz spectroscopy, a procedure was proclaimed by Jepsen [6] for the identification of chemical analytes. Recently, researchers have found that octagonal PCF shows more sensitivity and less
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