Effects of Artificial Islands Construction on the Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Surfac
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Effects of Artificial Islands Construction on the Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments from a Semi‑closed Bay (Longkou Bay), China Peng Ren1 · He Zhu2 · Zhigao Sun3 · Chuanyuan Wang4 Received: 28 July 2020 / Accepted: 21 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Artificial islands construction can significantly influence the spatial distribution of heavy metals in inshore sediments. In this study, the distribution and contamination of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, As and Hg) in inshore sediments of the Longkou Bay and artificial island adjacent areas were investigated in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Results showed that the contents of heavy metals increased in the Longkou Bay and decreased in the west of the artificial island in 2014 compared with 2013. The contamination and potential eco-risk of heavy metals in the sediments were higher in 2014 than those in 2013. Cd and Hg showed a high potential eco-risk in LK02, and other metals were in the lower level. The results indicated that after the construction of artificial islands in the Longkou Bay, the contamination and eco-risk of heavy metals in the sediments markedly increased in the Longkou Bay. Keywords Heavy metals · Contamination assessment · Eco-risk · Artificial islands · Longkou Bay Heavy metals are considered to the primary pollutants in the coastal environments due to their high toxicity, persistence and non-degradability (Armid et al. 2014; Zhang et al. 2016; Tian et al. 2018). Because of their unique natural conditions Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-03032-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * He Zhu [email protected] * Zhigao Sun [email protected] 1
Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
2
Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
3
Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco‑geographical Process (Fujian Normal University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350007, China
4
Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environment Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, People’s Republic of China
and geographical location, the coastal zones and bays are the areas where human activities are most frequently disturbed (Wang et al. 2014; Yan et al. 2016). Consequently, huge amounts of metals were discharged into the estuary and coastal environment through runoff and atmospheric transport (Xu et al. 2016; Han et al. 2017). According to the Bulletin of Marine Environmental Quality of China, about 17.6 million tons of pollutants were discharged into the sea in China in 2014. On account of the strong metal-binding capacity, easily removed and released to the overlying aqueous, sediments
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