Enzymatic preparation of rice-starch-based surface-modified disordered carbon as an anode for lithium-ion batteries
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Enzymatic preparation of rice-starch-based surface-modified disordered carbon as an anode for lithium-ion batteries Jianmin Luo 1 & Lei Wang 2,3 & Shidi Lai 1 & Zhipeng Sun 4 & Huishi Guo 1 & Yinlong Lai 1 & Lejie Zhu 1 & Ping Liu 3 Received: 23 July 2020 / Revised: 2 September 2020 / Accepted: 4 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A unique surface-modified rice-starch-based disordered carbon (SRC) was prepared with the intention of improving the electrochemical properties of anodes for Li-ion batteries. The starch’s surface was altered via an enzymatic hydrolysis process, and these changes were retained following a heat treatment process to create a porous surface. Following surface modification, SRCbased anodes exhibited a higher reversible capacity and coulombic efficiency in the first cycle at the same current density when compared with unmodified rice-starch-based disordered carbon (RC). SRC-based electrodes also displayed improved rate capability behavior and cycling performance. Across the measurements performed during this body of work, the electrodes’ performances were improved when (i) the contact area between the SRC particles and the electrolyte was maximized and (ii) the ordering of the particles on the surface was improved. These results indicate that this is a viable approach for the creation of anodes for Li-ion batteries from modified biomass sources. Keywords Biomaterials . Surface-modify . Carbon materials . Electrical properties
Introduction Li-ion batteries are widely used in portable consumer electronic devices (such as smartphones, tablet computers, and cameras [1–11]) mainly due to their small size, low weight, low cost, and ability to act as high-capacity portable power Jianmin Luo and Lei Wang contributed equally to this work. * Lei Wang [email protected] * Zhipeng Sun [email protected] * Yinlong Lai [email protected] 1
School of Chemistry and Civil Engineering, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, People’s Republic of China
2
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
3
Shanghai Yuling New Energy Technology Co. LTD, Shanghai 201112, People’s Republic of China
4
Materials and Energy School, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
sources. Recently, as a result of increased awareness of conserving finite resources, attempts have been made to adopt sustainable green chemistry techniques in the study of Li-ion batteries. Several advantages of biomass sources for the preparation of Li-ion battery anodes have already been reported, including natural N-doping [12, 13], natural spherical shape [14], high reversible capacity [15, 16], and low cost [17]. Starch is a renewable, environmentally friendly carbon source with low price and high abundance. Starch can be derived from corn, cassava, potato, sweet potato, rice, wheat, and other plants; the major component of starch is polysaccharid
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