Genetic diversity and structure of landrace accessions, elite lineages and cultivars of common bean estimated with SSR a
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Genetic diversity and structure of landrace accessions, elite lineages and cultivars of common bean estimated with SSR and SNP markers Marina Santos Carvalho1 · Cintia Machado de Oliveira Moulin Carias1 · Matheus Alves Silva1 · Marcia Flores da Silva Ferreira1 · Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de Souza2 · Sheila Cristina Prucoli Posse3 · Adesio Ferreira1 Received: 19 March 2020 / Accepted: 8 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important source of proteins, fibers and minerals for humans, being grown mainly in developing countries and representing a source of income for small farmers. In this work, a set of 206 Brazilian landraces and 59 elite lineages and cultivars were genotyped with 23 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) and 251 SNPs (Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism) markers. The ideal number of groups, according to STRUCTURE, was K = 2 for both SNPs and SSRs. This could be expected considering the two original gene pools—Andean (AND) and Mesoamerican (MES). The matrices of genetic simple matching dissimilarity for SSRs and SNPs were highly correlated; therefore, the allelic data of the markers was combined and analyzed to understand the genetic relationships of the studied collection. The neighbor-joining analysis considering the genetic distance of simple matching grouped the 265 genotypes into 17 subgroups. The markers SSR and SNP presented high power to discriminate among the genotypes. The ample genetic diversity observed in the work collection makes it a valuable source for the conservation, sustainable management and exploration in breeding programs of the crop. Keywords Breeding · Phaseolus vulgaris l. · Simple sequence repeat · Single-nucleotide polymorphisms
Introduction Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a legume of social and economic importance, being widely used for human consumption in developing countries [1, 2]. The species constitutes an important source of protein, dietary fiber and complex carbohydrates, especially for low-income groups [3, 4]. The bean is grown in 126 countries, with an estimated Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05726-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Marcia Flores da Silva Ferreira [email protected] 1
Laboratório de Genética e Melhoramento Vegetal, Departamento de Agronomia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Engenharias, Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo, Alegre, ES 29500‑000, Brazil
2
Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Rod. GO‑462, Km 12, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO 75375‑000, Brazil
3
Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (Incaper), Vitória, ES, Brazil
annual planted area of 30.1 million hectares, and estimated production of 27.9 million tons. Brazil stands out as the third largest producer, with an annual output of about 2.6 million tons [5]. Common bean is a predominantly autogamous species, with cross-fertilization rates of approximately 3% [
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