Heterosis-associated genes confer high yield in super hybrid rice
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Heterosis‑associated genes confer high yield in super hybrid rice Tianzi Lin1,3 · Cong Zhou1,5,6,7 · Gaoming Chen1 · Jun Yu1 · Wei Wu1 · Yuwei Ge1 · Xiaolan Liu1 · Jin Li1 · Xingzhou Jiang1 · Weijie Tang1 · Yunlu Tian1 · Zhigang Zhao1 · Chengsong Zhu4 · Chunming Wang1,5,6,7 · Jianmin Wan1,2 Received: 21 January 2020 / Accepted: 11 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Key message Heterosis QTLs, including qSS7 and qHD8, with dominance effects were identified through GBS and large-scale phenotyping of CSSLs and hybrid F1 populations in a paddy field. Abstract Heterosis has contributed immensely to agricultural production, but its genetic basis is unclear. We evaluated dominance effects by creating two hybrid populations: a B-homo set with a homozygous background and heterozygous chromosomal segments and a B-heter set with a heterozygous background and homozygous segments. This was achieved by crossing a set of 156 backcrossed-derived chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) with their recurrent parent (9311), the male parent of the first super-high-yield hybrid Liangyoupei9 (LYP9), and with the female parent (PA64s) of the hybrid. The CSSLs were subjected to a genotyping-by-sequencing analysis to develop a genetic map of segments introduced from the PA64s. We evaluated the heterotic effects on eight yield-related traits in the hybrid variety and F1 populations in large-scale field experiments over 2 years. Using a linkage map consisting of high-density SNPs, we identified heterosisassociated genes in LYP9. Five candidate genes contributed to the high yield of LYP9, with qSS7 and qHD8 repeatedly detected in both B-hybrid populations. The heterozygous segments harboring qSS7 and qHD8 showed dominance effects that contributed to the heterosis of yield components in the hybrid rice variety Liangyoupei9.
Introduction
Communicated by Matthias Wissuwa. Tianzi Lin and Cong Zhou have contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-020-03669-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Rice is a major cereal crop, and hybrid rice has significantly contributed to yield improvement in China. Genes responsible for heterosis of yield have been identified in the widely grown, two-line hybrid variety Liangyoupei9 (LYP9, cross PA64s/9311) (Li et al. 2016). A group of heterosis-related genes was identified by correlating the concurrence of differentially expressed
* Chunming Wang [email protected]
4
Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
* Jianmin Wan [email protected]
5
Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Japonica Rice in the Mid‑lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
6
Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing 210095, China
7
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing 210095, China
1
State Key L
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