High levels of genetic diversity and connectivity of whitespotted conger Conger myriaster in the East China Coast
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ORIGINAL PAPER
High levels of genetic diversity and connectivity of whitespotted conger Conger myriaster in the East China Coast Congcong Zou 1,2,3 & Lijuan Wang 1,2 & Lingming Kong 4 & Yingjun Wang 5 & Zhihao Wu 1,2 & Jianhe Xu 6 & Aihuan Song 5 & Hongjun Liu 5 & Feng You 1,2 Received: 21 January 2019 / Revised: 20 March 2020 / Accepted: 15 April 2020 # Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung 2020
Abstract Genetic diversity and population structure are fundamental to studying population dynamics and understanding demographic history, playing a key role in marine organism conservation. To study the genetic diversity and population structure of whitespotted conger Conger myriaster, an important commercial marine species, broadly distributed in Asia, a total of 197 individuals were collected from six locations along the East China Coast. Around 655 bp sequence of mitochondrial control region was used to assess the genetic diversity, population differentiation, and demographic history of C. myriaster populations. A high level of haplotype diversity was detected. No significant population structure was observed by using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), consistent with the results of discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) and Mantel tests. Bayesian phylogenetic tree revealed three distinct lineages, which diverged during the Pleistocene. Mismatch and Bayesian skyline analyses supported that all geographical populations as well as three evolutionary lineages had experienced demographic expansions. This genetic assessment would give an important contribution to revealing the interaction between phylogeographic history and demographic history and future utilization and conservation of this species. Keywords Demographic expansion . Genetic differentiation . Mitochondrial control region . Pleistocene
Introduction Elucidating current spatial patterns of genetic diversity and connectivity of populations is fundamental to understanding population dynamics and resilience, which provides essential suggestions on sustainable fishing exploitation, species management, and conservation (Funk et al. 2012; Domingues
et al. 2018; Manel et al. 2020). Failure to identify spatial subdivision may result in overexploitation and even extinction of local populations (Östman et al. 2016). The contemporary patterns of gene flow could shape the spatial genetic structure through changing the spatial distribution of genetic variation within and among populations. For marine species, it can help us to have insight into their responses to fishing pressure, and
Congcong Zou and Lijuan Wang contribute the same to this paper Communicated by R. Thiel Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-020-01071-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Feng You [email protected] 1
2
Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, People’s Republic
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