Hydro-geochemical assessment of groundwater through statistical analysis for sustainable usage in Medchal Mandal, Hydera
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(2020) 6:119
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Hydro‑geochemical assessment of groundwater through statistical analysis for sustainable usage in Medchal Mandal, Hyderabad, India D. Naresh Kumar1 Received: 7 May 2020 / Accepted: 27 October 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The groundwater in the studied area was suspected to be affected by pollutants and was suspected that it has not been fit for human consumption. To investigate the fitness of groundwater for consumption in the studied area, water quality analysis plays an important role. This paper explores different statistical analyses to identify the acceptable range of good water quality and a clear spatial distribution of such water in the region of Medchal Mandal, Hyderabad, India. To accomplish this objective, water quality index maps (WQI) of the region have been prepared; The results revealed that villages around Yadaram, Kandlakoya, Raja bollaram, Grimapur, Muraharipalle, Bandamadharam, Somaram, Kistapur, Gosaiguda, Suthariguda, Goudavelly, and Raja bollaram Tanda have been contaminated with high amounts of fluoride. Cluster analysis, scatter plots, and Correlation matrix analysis indicated the different controlling mechanisms and interpretation techniques of water quality data. However, the water quality analysis done through variable techniques revealed that 75% of water was of fair to excellent quality. Histograms and Pearson statistic matrix were used for this purpose. It was found that there was a significant correlation of parameters in both monsoon fluoride with TDS and EC respectively (r = 0.0827 and 0.0119). Thus this research work recommended that the fluoride contaminated water in those villages is not at all fit for drinking. As a solution, it was suggested that a solid waste treatment plant in Ravolkole village should be set up to handle fluoride crisis. Keywords Water quality index · Clusters · Scatter plots · Water quality parameters · Medchal Mandal
Introduction Good groundwater quality is an indispensable amenity for living creatures and human survival. Adequate access to hygienic water is essential for all organisms and humans to continue existence for eco-friendly sustainable growth. The aspect of groundwater changes mainly depends on geology, water–rock interaction, oxidation–reduction reactions, and impurities (Pierre et al. 2005). Changing of land usage patterns, dilution of fertilizers in water, sewage mixup with drinking water resources, petroleum product leakages, soil pollution due to various pollutants, nuclear, industrial waste dumping into underground and saline water intrusion in aquifers—All these are reasons for the degradation of groundwater quality (Liou et al. 2004; Tsegaye et al. 2006).
* D. Naresh Kumar [email protected] 1
Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
About 76 million people in India do not have access to fresh water. With a bulging population and a restraint on available water resources-determining the quality of drinking water becomes a prerequisite and the best pla
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