Improved biohydrogen production by immobilized cells of the green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 incubated under aerobic con
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Improved biohydrogen production by immobilized cells of the green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 incubated under aerobic condition Thanaporn Maswanna 1 & Peter Lindblad 2 & Cherdsak Maneeruttanarungroj 3,4 Received: 9 February 2020 / Revised and accepted: 15 June 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 was previously investigated and showed enhanced H2 production under anaerobic (Ar purged) conditions by cells immobilized in a calcium alginate matrix (Maswanna et al., Biomass Bioenergy 111:88–95, 2018). Here, we report successful H2 production in entrapped cells under aerobic conditions. The most favorable immobilization condition observed was 4% (w/v) final alginate concentration after gelation, 2.80- to 3.35-mm beads, and a biomass content of 0.125 mg DW mL−1 alginate. H2 production increased when the immobilized cells were incubated in S-deprived media which could be repeated up to six times when using refreshed media. After six cycles, the H2 production reached 12.8 ± 0.9 mL H2 25 mL−1 of medium, corresponding to a rate of 182 ± 20 nmol mg−1 DW h−1, which was significantly higher than previously observed for other microalgae. Thus, our results demonstrate a potential for photobiological H2 production using immobilized Tetraspora sp. CU2551 cells, grown under ambient aerobic conditions. Keywords Alginate . Immobilization . Biohydrogen . Aerobic incubation . Chlorophyceae . Tetraspora sp. CU2551
Introduction Hydrogen (H2), regarded a clean energy-carrier, with a highenergy capacity of 142 kJ g−1 (61,000 Btu lb−1), generates only water during combustion and can be used in fuel cells to generate electricity (Das 2009), making it non-polluting and recyclable (Singh and Wahid 2015). There are various methods of bio-based H2 production (BioH2) such as direct biophotolysis by green algae and cyanobacteria, indirect biophotolysis, photo fermentation by purple bacteria and green bacteria (Rahman et al. 2016), and dark fermentation from exogenous carbohydrates, for example waste-activated
* Cherdsak Maneeruttanarungroj [email protected] 1
Scientific Instrument Center, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
2
Microbial Chemistry, Department of Chemistry – Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
4
Bioenergy Research Unit, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
sludge (Wang et al. 2018a, b) and algal biomass (Das and Veziroglu 2001; Xia et al. 2016). BioH2 from green algae is mainly produced through direct biophotolysis, using sunlight as the energy source and photosystem II of algae, to split water into protons, electrons, and oxygen gas. Using light absorbed in PSII, these electrons are then transferred through the electron transport chain, to PSI, finally reaching the key enzyme, hydrogenase, which catalyzes
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