Isolation and characterization of 12 microsatellite loci from Maackia fauriei (Fabaceae), a large tree endemic to Jeju I
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MICROSATELLITE LETTERS
Isolation and characterization of 12 microsatellite loci from Maackia fauriei (Fabaceae), a large tree endemic to Jeju Island In-Su Choi • Jung-Hyun Lee • Byoung-Hee Choi
Received: 2 July 2014 / Accepted: 7 July 2014 / Published online: 15 July 2014 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
Abstract The high endemism and unique vegetation of Jeju Island are threatened by anthropogenic disturbances and climate change. Restricted to Jeju Island, the deciduous broadleaf tree, Maackia fauriei is an endemic, vulnerable species. We developed 12 microsatellite markers as an effective molecular tool in assessing genetic diversity and tested them in 33 individuals from a local population. Loci had 3–20 alleles each, with observed and expected heterozygosities ranging from 0.394 to 0.909 and from 0.621 to 0.903, respectively. These markers will be valuable for establishing conservation strategies for M. fauriei on Jeju Island. Keywords Maackia fauriei Endemic species Genetic diversity Microsatellite The volcanic Jeju Island was designated as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 2002 and a World Heritage Site in 2007, based on its high endemism, unique altitudinal zonation of vegetation, and untouched environments. Unfortunately, this location is threatened by habitat fragmentation and denuding of Mt. Halla (Kang et al. 2008). Therefore, dominant highly variable molecular makers have been developed to conserve indigenous plants effectively. However, most of these efforts have focused primarily on herbaceous plants (e.g., Choi and Choi 2013),
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12686-014-0277-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. I.-S. Choi J.-H. Lee B.-H. Choi (&) Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea e-mail: [email protected]
and knowledge is lacking about their utility when applied more broadly to forest communities. Maackia fauriei (H. Le´v.) Takeda is a large, deciduous broadleaf tree. Endemic to Jeju Island, its populations range from low-elevation valleys to sub-alpine wetlands. Human activity has negatively impacted these communities and threatened their persistence for several decades. In 2010, the Korea National Arboretum named it as a species vulnerable to global climate change (Oh et al. 2010). Thus, our research involved developing a set of polymorphic microsatellite markers from M. fauriei for establishing a suitable conservation strategy based on genetic diversity and structure. Materials included leaf tissue from 33 plants collected at Mt. Halla (33°210 2800 N, 126°270 2900 E). Genomic DNA was extracted with a G-spinTM IIp Kit for plants (iNtRON, Seongnam, Korea). Microsatellite loci were isolated per a published enrichment protocol, but with minor modifications (Lee et al. 2010). Genomic DNA was digested with MboI (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). The resulting fragments were ligated to SAUL linkers, then enriched for microsatellites with a cocktai
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