Modification of rice husk silica with bovine serum albumin (BSA) for improvement in adsorption of metanil yellow dye
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Modification of rice husk silica with bovine serum albumin (BSA) for improvement in adsorption of metanil yellow dye Rahmiana Zein1 · Zebbil Billian Tomi1 · Syiffa Fauzia1 · Zilfa Zilfa2 Received: 6 January 2020 / Accepted: 22 May 2020 © Iranian Chemical Society 2020
Abstract In the present research, bovine serum albumin-modified silica from rice husk has been prepared and examined as adsorbent for removal of the metanil yellow dye. The silica was obtained by purification of silica from the rice husk. Rice husk was heated up at 700 °C for 4 h, the obtained rice husk ash was mixed with NaOH 5% and acidified with H NO3 10% to obtain silica. The modification was carried out by reacting silica with bovine serum albumin, and the amine-functionalized rice husk silica was obtained. The rice husk silica and amine-functionalized rice husk silica were characterized by Fouriertransform infrared, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller. The adsorption study was conducted using batch method and investigated some parameters such as pH, adsorbate concentration, contact time, and temperature. The maximum adsorption capacity of rice husk silica and amine-functionalized rice husk silica was 25.975 and 82.345 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption process of metanil yellow dye onto rice husk silica followed Langmuir isotherm model. Besides, the adsorption of metanil yellow dye onto amine-functionalized rice husk silica was fitted to both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models (R2 = 0.99). The kinetic data were well described by the pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.99) indicated a chemisorption process. The thermodynamic equation showed that the adsorption of metanil yellow dye onto rice husk silica was spontaneous through an endothermic reaction, while the adsorption onto amine-functionalized rice husk silica was spontaneous through exothermic reaction. Keywords Adsorption · Rice husk silica · Bovine serum albumin · Isotherm · Kinetic
Introduction Various industries such as plastics, paper, textiles, and discharged synthetic dyes waste caused pollution in water body and ecosystems. Approximately, there was about 100,000 ton of dyes used in industries every year. The wastewater containing those dyes threatens aquatic ecosystems because they were oxidizing agents, block incoming light, and nonbiodegradable. In addition, dyes were carcinogenic, toxic, and mutagenic for humans [1]. The synthetic dyes that were * Rahmiana Zein [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Environmental Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang 25163, Indonesia
Applied Analysis Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, FMIPA, Andalas University, Padang 25163, Indonesia
2
often used on an industry were indigoid, anthraquinone, sulfur, triphenylmethyl (trityl), phthalocyanine, and azo derivatives. However, most of the synthetic dyes currently used in industry were azo derivatives [2]. Azo dyes contained N=
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