Production of Fermentable Sugars and Hydrogen-Rich Gas from Agave tequilana Biomass
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Production of Fermentable Sugars and Hydrogen-Rich Gas from Agave tequilana Biomass Juan Carlos Farías-Sánchez 1 & Ulises Velázquez-Valadez 1 & Alfonso Vargas-Santillán 1 & María Guadalupe Pineda-Pimentel 1 & Erick Alejandro Mendoza-Chávez 1 & José Guadalupe Rutiaga-Quiñones 2 & Jaime Saucedo-Luna 1 & Agustín Jaime Castro-Montoya 1
# Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016
Abstract The Mexican tequila industry annually processes approximately 1 × 106 Agave tequilana plants, generating approximately 1.78 × 108 kg of bagasse per year. This biomass is considered an attractive alternative to fossil fuels as an energy source and to produce biofuels and/or chemical products because it is produced and used without adversely affecting the environment. The first aim of the present work was to determine the effect of temperature, the concentration of H2SO4, and reaction time on the hydrolysis of agave bagasse to maximize the fermentable sugars using a steam explosion. This step process generated 71.11 g/L of reducible sugars in the supernatant (59.29 % glucose, 29.05 % xylose, and 11.66 % fructose) and unconverted organic matter of enzymatic hydrolysis bagasse (35.4 % α-cellulose, 7.33 % hemicellulose, 49.91 % lignin, and 7.31 % ashes). A mathematical surface response analysis of the hydrolysis was used for process optimization. The second aim involves the study of the thermodynamics of the reforming of unconverted organic matter from enzymatic hydrolysis of Agave tequilana bagasse (ATB) evaluated by the Gibbs free energy minimization method for hydrogen production. The effect of the parameters on the system performance measures, such as reaction temperature (T),
* Agustín Jaime Castro-Montoya [email protected] 1
Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Fco. J. Mújica S/N, Edificio V1, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Felicitas del Rio, C.P. 58040 Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
2
Facultad de Ingeniería en Tecnología de la Madera, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Av. Fco. J. Mújica S/N, Edificio D, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. Felicitas del Rio, C.P. 58040 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
Water/Biomass ratio (WBR), and pressure (P), were also investigated. The maximum H2 production obtained was 23.2 mol of H2/271.5 g ATB with a WBR ≥ 11 and a temperature of 740 °C. These findings indicate that the temperature and WBR are essential factors in the production of H2, which was reflected in the efficiency of the process. Keywords Lignocellulose residue . Acid hydrolysis . Agave tequilana . Hydrogen . Thermodynamic analysis
Introduction The energy sector is considered one of the most important because it contributes substantially to the national economy, stimulating essential factors for all productive activities, employment, and basic consumer goods. Globally, 88 % of the total energy consumption is produced from non-renewable sources, and only 12 % comes from renewable sources such as biogas, wind, geothermal, hydro, solar, and biomass [1], such is shown in Fig. 1. A major
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