A ratiometric fluorescent probe for determination of the anthrax biomarker 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid based on a terb
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A ratiometric fluorescent probe for determination of the anthrax biomarker 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid based on a terbium(III)− functionalized UIO-67 metal-organic framework Xiaoxiong Zhang 1 & Wenjun Zhang 1
&
Gang Li 1 & Qianqian Liu 1 & Yinsheng Xu 1 & Xin Liu 1
Received: 30 August 2019 / Accepted: 3 January 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Terbium(III)-functionalized zirconium-based MOFs (Tb3+@UIO-67) were synthesized by doping Tb3+ into UIO-67 using a post-synthetic modification. The Tb3+@UIO-67 (solid or aqueous dispersion) shows only blue fluorescence (emission peaks at 420 nm) under an ultraviolet lamp (254 nm). Upon addition of 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (DPA; an anthrax biomarker), the color of the Tb3+@UIO-67 aqueous dispersion under an ultraviolet lamp changes from blue to green. This is mainly because DPA has a good sensitization effect on Tb3+. DPA can be determined by measurement of the ratio of the fluorescence intensities at 544 nm and 420 nm (excitation at 278 nm). The method allows DPA to be detected in the 0.3 to 6 μM concentration range, with a detection limit of 36 nM. Keywords Bacillus anthracis spores . Zirconium-based MOFs . Postsynthesis modification strategy . Fluorescence . 2,6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
Introduction Anthrax, an acute infectious zoonotic disease, is caused by Bacillus anthracis. [1] Bacillus anthracis is widely disseminated in soil and plants, and easily transformed into meat and dairy products. Intake of more than 104 Bacillus anthracis can lead to death, if not effectively treated within 36 h. [2] Therefore, how to treat Bacillus anthracis infection early becomes very important. Depending upon reports, dipicolinic acid (DPA) comprises ∼10% of the dry weight of spores of Bacillus species, and serves as a suitable biomarker for the determination of Bacillus anthracis as well as other Bacillus species. [3, 4] In recent years, many techniques for DPA Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-020-4113-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Wenjun Zhang [email protected] * Gang Li [email protected] 1
School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
determination have been developed, including surfaceenhanced Raman spectroscopy, [5] gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry, [6] electrochemical detection, [7] polymerase chain reactions, [8] fluorescent detection, [9–12] and so on. Among these developed methods, ratiometric fluorescence detection has built-in reference fluorescence signal and sensitive response fluorescence signals, which can effectively improve the sensitivity and eliminate the influence of external conditions. [13–16] Thus, it is quite meaningful to develop ratiometric fluorescence determination techniques for DPA. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous functional coordination polymers formed by metal ions or inorganic cl
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