Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles from Fusarium oxysporum : The Impact of Fungal Morphology and Localization Studies
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles from Fusarium oxysporum: The Impact of Fungal Morphology and Localization Studies Kannan Deepa1 • Tapobrata Panda2 Received: 25 July 2019 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract The synthesis of nanoparticles from biological sources has gained significant attention recently, however, with much emphasis on the novelty of sources. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the aspects of fungal age and type of cultivation on the properties of the nanoparticles. The effect of age of Fusarium oxysporum developed in submerged culture and on solid agar medium was evaluated. When the gold salt solution was added to the fungal colony on agar medium, a deep purple colored radial zone developed in the 3 days old mycelium. The nanoparticles in the radial purple zone had two distinct characteristics when the agar blocks were dried by either lyophilization or heating in a hot air oven. The lyophilized sample contained square bi-pyramidal particles (1 to 2 lm). The oven-dried sample contained abundant truncated triangular nanoplates (150 to 500 nm), decahedrons and icosahedrons (20 to 70 nm), and a few triangular and hexagonal nanoplates (50 nm). The mycelium when suspended in 1 mM HAuCl43H2O presented distinct geometries of the nanoparticles in the cytoplasm and periplasm. The formation of gold nanoparticles of different morphologies within the cytoplasm, and the periplasm has implications in Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic (SERS) measurements.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-019-01725-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Kannan Deepa [email protected] 1
B205, Chemical Reaction Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Bio-Engineering Block, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India
2
Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 036, India
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K. Deepa, T. Panda
Graphic Abstract HRTEM images of hyphae of Fusarium oxysporum suspended in 1 mM HAuCl43H2O for 24 h. The nanoparticles present in the electron dense cytoplasm are markedly different from those in the periplasmic space.
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1 μm
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Keywords Gold nanoparticles Fusarium oxysporum Localization Fungal morphology
Highlights • Effect of age of Fusarium oxysporum (grown in both submerged culture and on solid culture) on the properties of nanoparticles. • HRTEM analysis of nanoparticles associated with fungal hyphae. • Localization studies revealed distinct morphologies and sizes of the nanoparticles present in the cytoplasmic and periplasmic regions of the cell.
Introduction The field of nanotechnology has elicited a great deal of attention in the past few decades and there is an explosion of interesting findings reported every day in both the basic an
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