Characterization and Map-Based Cloning of the Novel Rice Yellow Leaf Mutant yl3
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Characterization and Map‑Based Cloning of the Novel Rice Yellow Leaf Mutant yl3 Xi Liu1 · QianQian Huang1 · YanRong Yang1 · Jiayu Tang1 · Yanan Zhao1 · Ji Zhang1 Received: 22 March 2020 / Revised: 20 July 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 © Korean Society of Plant Biologist 2020
Abstract Chlorophyll (Chl) is an essential molecule for harvesting light energy in photosynthetic organisms. We isolated yellow leaf 3 (yl3), a rice Chl-deficient mutant, which showed yellow leaves with decreased Chl content and abnormal chloroplast development. Positional cloning revealed that YL3 encodes OsCHLH, a subunit of magnesium-chelatase. In yl3, one amino acid substitution occurs at the C-terminal region of a highly conserved amino acid residue. YL3 is constitutively expressed in all tissues. Compared with the wild type, yl3 was found to be sensitive to low temperature. The expression levels of genes for Chl biosynthesis, photosynthesis and chloroplast development were strongly reduced in yl3. These results provide novel insights regarding how rice chloroplast development and Chl synthesis are regulated by YL3. Keywords Chlorophyll biosynthesis · YL3 · Temperature sensitive · Rice
Introduction There are many leaf-color mutants identified in plants (such as rice, maize, and Arabidopsis). Leaf-color mutants have been classified as albino, yellow green, thermo-color, maintaining green, stripes and zebra, green-revertible albino, and dark green (Deng et al. 2014). To date, at least 130 leafcolor related genes have been isolated in rice’s 12 chromosomes. Among them, more than 20 genes function directly in chlorophyll biosynthesis and catabolism, while 14 genes are involved in regulating chloroplast development via posttranscriptional modification (Wu et al. 2007; Tan et al. 2014; Cui et al. 2019). Two genes influence isoprenoid biosynthesis, while seven genes are involved in chloroplast ribosome biosynthesis (Gong et al. 2013; Chen et al. 2018; Huang et al. 2018). Two genes function as a chromatin-remodeling Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12374-020-09275-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xi Liu [email protected] 1
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco‑Agricultural Biotechnology Around Hongze Lake, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an 223300, China
factor and regulate chloroplast development (Zhao et al. 2012; Xu et al. 2017). The leaf color can not only be used as a marker to identify seed purity, but also help us understand the genetic mechanism of chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation, chloroplast development, tetrapyrrole synthesis, and photosynthesis (Su et al. 2012; Chen et al. 2018). Chlorophyll, one of the most abundant pigments in plants, is essential for light capture and energy transduction in photosynthetic organisms. In higher plants, more than 17 enzymes function in the chlorophyll biosynthesis
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