Determination of copper in traditional coffee pot water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and matrix match
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Determination of copper in traditional coffee pot water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and matrix matching calibration strategy after switchable solvent based liquid-phase microextraction Maral Selin Fındıkoğlu Ercan & Merve Fırat Ayyıldız & Dotse Selali Chormey & Sezgin Bakırdere Received: 15 July 2020 / Accepted: 3 November 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Traditional copper coffee pots are widely used in these modern times and daily consumption of coffee brewed in overused/old pots increases the risk of copper ingestion. This study employed a green switchable solvent–based liquid-phase microextraction (SSLPME) method to isolate and preconcentrate copper from water boiled in coffee pots. Copper was determined by a flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) system coupled with a slotted quartz tube (SQT). 1,5-Diphenylcarbazone was added to aqueous samples to form a complex with copper before the extraction step. Box-Behnken experimental design was applied to select optimum conditions of the extraction method that were used to validate the analytical method. The limits of quantification and detection of the optimized SS-LPME-SQT-FAAS method were determined as 9.1 and 2.7 μg/L, respectively. Water samples boiled in traditional coffee pots were spiked at different concentrations and analyzed to ascertain the method’s accuracy and applicability to real samples. Satisfactory recovery results obtained in the range of 92–107% established good accuracy, and percent relative standard deviations lower than 8.0% also proved high precision. M. S. F. Ercan : M. F. Ayyıldız : D. S. Chormey : S. Bakırdere (*) Chemistry Department, Yıldız Technical University, 34210 İstanbul, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] S. Bakırdere Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Piyade Street No: 27, 06690 Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
Keywords Copper . FAAS . SS-LPME . SQT . Experimental design
Introduction Copper is a fundamental element for biological systems, required in appropriate amounts to ensure routine performance of several mechanisms (Kendüzler and Türker 2003). The rate of copper intake ranges at about 1.0– 1.1 mg/day and 1.2–1.6 mg/day for women and men, respectively (Trumbo et al. 2001). Anemia and arteriosclerosis are two major health disorders associated with copper deficiency. On the other hand, high amounts of copper can cause health problems such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease and nausea (Farahani et al. 2015; Yavuz et al. 2016; Zhang et al. 2014). The World Health Organization (WHO) set the maximum allowable limit for Cu in drinking water as 2.0 mg/L (Potera 2004). Copper has the tendency to accumulate in different organs in the human body and its high reactivity in the free ionic state causes harm to cells and tissues (Ellingsen et al. 2015). It is therefore imperative to develop accurate, sensitive, and precise analytical methods for determination of copper at trace levels. Some common and sensitive analytical instruments used for copper determination are graphite furnace atomic absorpt
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