Effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on marine environment and human health
- PDF / 1,335,939 Bytes
- 14 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 94 Downloads / 223 Views
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS AND THE RISK OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
Effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on marine environment and human health Siva Sankar Sana 1 & Lakshman Kumar Dogiparthi 2 & Lekshmi Gangadhar 3 & Arghya Chakravorty 4 & Nalluri Abhishek 5 Received: 7 March 2020 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Microplastics (MPs) with an average size of less than 5 mm, along with nanoplastics (NPs) of an average size of fewer than 0.1 μm are the result of huge plastic waste fragmentation or straight environmental emissions. Pollution from micro- and nanoplastics is a worldwide paradigm that raises environmental and human health concerns. They may also comprise very harmful chemicals that are implemented in plants and animals when MPs/NPs are used that may lead to higher accumulation of these compounds in food chains. In addition, higher surface area-to-volume ratio, characteristic of MPs/NPs can contribute to their potentially harmful impact as other pollutants, like continuous organic contaminants, can also be bio-accumulated and adsorbed. A complex issue correlated with MPs/NPs is their ability to absorb and interact with other common pollutants in the environment, such as metals, pharmaceuticals, and other contaminants. Thus, MPs/NPs can directly influence on destiny and toxicity of these substances to the environment and organisms. In this review, first, we introduce possible sources and formation, their destinies, and environmental impact of MPs/NPs and then explain feasible paths of all these particles entering the human body. Then, the review highlights the effect of MPs/NPs on human health. Finally, it provides a brief summary of the potential as well as the neurological toxicity of MPs/NPs. Keywords Microplastics . Nanoplastics . Environmental pollution . Human health . Neurotoxicity
Introduction In recent decades, plastics have been commonly used for our purposes and feasibility since the last century and have considerably improved. Currently, industrial manufacturing of
Responsible editor: Christian Gagnon * Siva Sankar Sana [email protected] 1
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
2
Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Chebrolu Hanumaiah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur-522019, Andhra Pradesh, India
3
Department of Nanotechnology, Noorul Islam Center for Higher Education, Thuckalay, Nagarcoil, Tamilnadu, India
4
School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
5
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
plastics reaches 320 million tons in a year, which is used as single-use packaging by more than 40%, leading to plastic waste. The plastic products shelf life may differ from 1 to more than 50 years before disposal as plastic waste, depending on their use. In which, 9% of recycled energy was recovered by 12%
Data Loading...
