Lysosomes
In 1976 I wrote a monograph on lysosomes (Lysosomes: A Survey, Springer Verlag, Vienna) that was intended as an up-to-date, comprehensive survey. Whatever success I may have achieved then in fulfilling that intention, even the effort now would be foolhar
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CELLULAR ORGANELLES Series Editor: PHILIP SIEKEVITZ Rockefeller University, New York, New York
CHLOROPLASTS J. Kenneth Hoober CYTOSKELETON Alexander D. Bershadsky and Juri M. Vasiliev LYSOSOMES Eric Holtzman MITOCHONDRIA Alexander Tzagoloff
Lysosomes Eric Holtzman
Columbia University New York, New York
Springer Science +Business Media, LLC
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Holtzman, Eric, 1939Lysosomes. (Cellular organelles) Includes bibliographies and index. 1. Lysosomes. I. Title. II. Series. [DNLM: 1. Lysosomes. QH 603.L9 H758La] QH603.L9H63 1989 574.87'4 88-32085 ISBN 978-0-306-43126-5 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-2540-4
ISBN 978-1-4899-2540-4 (eBook)
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1989 Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1989 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1989 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
Preface In 1976 I wrote a monograph on lysosomes (Lysosomes: A Survey, SpringerVerlag, Vienna) that was intended as an up-to-date, comprehensive survey. Whatever success I may have achieved then in fulfilling that intention, even the effort now would be foolhardy. The literature has grown so rapidly in the past decade that I certainly could not even read all of the essential papers, let alone understand and analyze them. My goal here, therefore, is simply to introduce the major features of lysosomes at a level I hope will be useful both to I;ldvanced students and to researchers interested in obtaining a broad background. This is in keeping with the design of the Cellular Organelles series: the series is more a set of advanced texts than of review monographs. This design carries with it the decision not to support each point by references to the original literature. I apologize for the injustice involved in such a decision but feel that in any event it would be impossibly unwieldy to cite, adequately and in a balanced manner, the contributions of the vast network of researchers responsible for the information upon which I draw. I have tried, in the selection of illustrations and in the Acknowledgments and Further Reading sections at the end of each chapter, to identify as many as possible of those researchers who have constructed the central views and provided the information with which I deal, and to point out short routes to the heart of the original literature. Inevitably, the organization of the text mixes logic, taste, and arbitrariness. The first chapter sets the stage, introducing fundamental concepts and terminology, and sketching some history to help explain the present state of the field. The next three chapters focus on heterophagy-Iysosomal digestion of material taken up by the cell from its surroundings. This is the lysosomal function that has been studied most intensively. In Chapter 2 the basic phenomena of heterophagic upt
