Magnetic Biomass Activated Carbon-Based Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with High Performance Liquid Chromatography for t
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Magnetic Biomass Activated Carbon-Based Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with High Performance Liquid Chromatography for the Determination of Phenylurea Herbicides in Bottled Rose Juice and Water Samples Chun Wang 1 & Li Liu 1 & Zhenhao Zhang 1 & Qiuhua Wu 1 & Zhi Wang 1
Received: 14 January 2015 / Accepted: 8 April 2015 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Abstract A biomass activated carbon (BAC) material was prepared from agricultural waste peanut shells. Through the in situ reduction of Fe3+ and Fe2+, magnetic property was successfully introduced into the prepared BAC, resulting in a novel and environmentallyfriendly magnetic BAC (MBAC). The as-obtained MBAC was used as magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) adsorbent for the extraction of four phenylurea herbicides (PUHs) (chlortoluron, isoproturon, monolinuron, and buturon) from river water and bottled rose juice sample prior to their determination by highperformance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection. The main experimental parameters that could affect the extraction efficiencies were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, a good linearity was achieved in the concentration range of 1.0–200.0 ng mL−1 for the four PUHs, with correlation coefficient of 0.9986–0.9991. The limits of detection (S/N=3) of the method were ranged from 0.10 to 0.80 ng mL−1. The results indicated that the prepared MBAC was a low-cost and efficient adsorbent for the MSPE of the PUHs. Keywords Magnetic biomass activated carbon . Phenylurea herbicides . Magnetic solid-phase extraction . Juice sample . High-performance liquid chromatography . Water sample
* Qiuhua Wu [email protected] 1
College of Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
Introduction Phenylurea herbicides (PUHs) are important herbicides used in agriculture worldwide because they provides pre- and postemergence control of different weeds and grasses in many crops such as citrus, cotton, flower, bush fruits, maize, soybean, and wheat (Bautista et al. 1999; Charrêteur et al. 1998). Since PUHs have high water solubility and low adsorption ability on solid matrix, they are quite mobile in soil (Fabbri et al. 2015). The residues of PUHs frequently detected in ground water, rivers, lakes, and even drinking water (Caux et al. 1998; Kaur et al. 2012; Sorensen et al. 2003). However, most of the PUHs are high toxic and can be persistent in environment (Benitez et al. 2006; Ge et al. 2014; Langeron et al. 2014). Some PUHs are potential carcinogens (Elcombe et al. 2002; Fava et al. 2000; Zelljadt and Amacher 1983), and their residues in crops and environment have posed a potential risk to human health. Therefore, the determination of trace level of PUHs in food and environmental samples is highly desirable. Because most of the PUHs exist at trace levels in the environmental and food samples, sample pretreatment for the efficient extraction and enrichment of PUHs is often necessary prior to their instrumental analysis. So far, various sample pretreatment techniques have been develope
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