Molecular detection and characterization of tick-borne hemoparasites and Anaplasmataceae in dogs in major cities of Mala
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PROTOZOOLOGY - ORIGINAL PAPER
Molecular detection and characterization of tick-borne hemoparasites and Anaplasmataceae in dogs in major cities of Malawi Elisha Chatanga 1,2 & Henson Kainga 2 & Tinotenda Razemba 3 & Richard Ssuna 4 & Lieza Swennen 3 & Kyoko Hayashida 5 & Chihiro Sugimoto 5 & Ken Katakura 1 & Nariaki Nonaka 1 & Ryo Nakao 1 Received: 27 July 2020 / Accepted: 3 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) in dogs have attracted much attention over the last decade since some are now known to be zoonotic and pose a threat to both animal and human health sectors. Despite the increase in the number of studies on canine TBPs worldwide, only a few studies have been conducted in resource-limited countries where research priority is given to food animals than companion animals. In the present study, the occurrence of TBPs of the genera Babesia, Hepatozoon, Anaplasma, and Ehrlichia was investigated in 209 owned and stray dogs in three major cities in Malawi through molecular techniques. Among the examined dogs, 93 (44.5%) were infected with at least one TBP. The detection rates were 23.1% for Babesia rossi, 2.9% for B. vogeli, 19.1% for Hepatozoon canis, 2.4% for Anaplasma platys, and 3.8% for Ehrlichia canis. This is the first molecular study that has provided evidence that dogs in Malawi are infected with TBPs. Sensitization is required for veterinary practitioners, dog handlers, and pet owners as the detected pathogens affect the animals’ wellbeing. Further studies focusing on rural areas with limited or no access to veterinary care are required to ascertain the extent of the TBP infection in dogs. Keywords Anaplasma . Babesia . Ehrlichia . Dogs . Malawi . Tick-borne pathogens
Section Editor: Charlotte Oskam * Ryo Nakao [email protected]
Ken Katakura [email protected]
Elisha Chatanga [email protected] Henson Kainga [email protected] Tinotenda Razemba [email protected] Richard Ssuna [email protected]
Nariaki Nonaka [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Parasitology, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-18 Nishi-9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
2
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 219, Lilongwe, Malawi
3
Lieza Swennen [email protected]
Lilongwe Society for the Protection and Care of Animals (LSPCA), Private Bag 30383, Kanengo, Lilongwe, Malawi
4
Kyoko Hayashida [email protected]
All Creatures Animal Welfare League, 18 Acacia Road, P.O. Box 30962, Capital City, Lilongwe 3, Malawi
5
Division of Collaboration and Education, Research Centre for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita-20 Nishi-10, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
Chihiro Sugimoto [email protected]
Parasitol Res
Introduction Tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) that cause canine babesiosis, hepatozoonosis, ehrlichiosis, and anaplasmosis
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