Oxacillin antibiotic removal from aqueous solution using nonionic micellar system or ionic liquid: a comparative study b
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(2020) 5:48
ORIGINAL PAPER
Oxacillin antibiotic removal from aqueous solution using nonionic micellar system or ionic liquid: a comparative study based upon experimental optimization and response surface methodology Safia Habbal1 · Haddou Boumediene1 · Jean P. Canselier2 · Mostéfa Kameche1 · Christophe Gourdon2 Received: 25 April 2020 / Accepted: 23 July 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Oxacillin antibiotic was removed from aqueous effluents using the biodegradable nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 (TX-114) and the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4C1im]PF6). The experimental results of oxacillin extraction from aqueous solution according to the surfactant (Xt) or ionic liquid (XIL) concentration and temperature (T) were expressed by the following parameters: antibiotic extraction extent (E%), remaining antibiotic concentration (Xs,w), residual surfactant (Xt,w) or ionic liquid (XIL,w) concentration in aqueous phase after extraction, and volume fraction of coacervate at equilibrium (ϕc). High extraction yields were reached under optimal conditions: 99% for TX-114 and 89% using [C4C1im]PF6. The concentration of antibiotic in effluent was reduced by about 7-fold and 6-fold using TX-114 and [C4C1im]PF6, respectively. Sodium sulfate addition (3 wt%) increased E% from 20% to 88% at only 2 wt% of TX-114. Finally, solute stripping from the micellar phase using Winsor II microemulsion extraction was investigated. Thereby, 90% of the TX-114 in the micelle-rich phase was separated into the organic phase (Om). Keywords Oxacillin · Antibiotic · Nonionic surfactant · Ionic liquid · Cloud point · Extraction Abbreviations cmc Critical micelle concentration CPE Cloud point extraction E Solute extraction extent FW Formula weight HPLC High-performance liquid chromatography IL Ionic liquid IUPAC International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry log P Octanol–water partition coefficient OXA Oxacillin R2 Regression coefficient
T Temperature Tc Cloud point temperature UV Ultraviolet Xs,w Remaining amount of solute in the aqueous phase Xt wt% of surfactant Xt,w Surfactant concentration in the aqueous phase XIL wt% of ionic liquid XIL,w Remaining amount of ionic liquid in the aqueous phase Y Responses ϕc Coacervate volume fraction
Communicated by Mohamed Ksibi, Co-Editor in Chief.
Introduction
* Haddou Boumediene [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials: Catalysis and Environment, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of Oran, M’Nouar, BP 1505, Oran, Algeria
Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, UMR 5503, Université de Toulouse, Campus INP‑ENSIACET, 4 Allée Emile Monso, BP 84234, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
2
Pharmaceutical products are consumed in very large quantities and are continually excreted (metabolized or not) into the sanitation network. Ternes (2001) revealed that around 3000 different compounds can be found in medicinal product formulations. Hazardous materials such as some pharmaceutical products
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