Protective Effect of Sodium Selenite on 4-Nonylphenol-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rats
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Protective Effect of Sodium Selenite on 4-Nonylphenol-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rats Murat Boyacioglu 1
&
Ozay Gules 2
&
Hande Sultan Sahiner 1
Received: 3 July 2020 / Accepted: 30 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study was aimed at evaluating the protective effect of sodium selenite (SS) on DNA integrity, antioxidant/oxidant status, and histological changes on 4-nonylphenol (4-NP)–induced toxicity in liver and kidney tissues of rats. Twenty-four adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups as control, SS, 4-NP, and SS+4-NP group. Control group was untreated. The SS group was supplemented with SS (0.5 mg/kg/day) and the 4-NP group was given 4-NP (125 mg/kg/day). The rats in the SS+ 4-NP group received SS followed by 4-NP 1 h later at the abovementioned doses. The treatments were administered by oral gavage for 48 days. DNA damage was analyzed by comet assay in lymphocytes. Oxidative stress parameters were measured, and histological evaluation was performed in liver and kidney tissues. Results showed that SS administration significantly decreased % Tail DNA and Mean Tail Moment in SS+4-NP group as compared with 4-NP group. Catalase activity in liver was significantly lower in 4-NP group only. SS treatment significantly increased the glutathione level and decreased high malondialdehyde level in tissues of the SS+4-NP group as compared with 4-NP group. Dilation of central vein, ballooning degeneration, vacuolar degeneration, and deterioration in the structure of remark cords in 4-NP-administered were alleviated in rats that received SS supplementation before administration of 4-NP. Moreover, glycogen intensity in hepatocytes and the wall of central vein increased in the SS+4-NP group. In addition, the SS supplementation in the SS+4-NP group decreased glomerular degeneration as well as the width of cavum glomeruli and congestion intensity in the kidney. These results indicate that SS may have a protective effect against 4-NP-induced hepato-nephrotoxicity in rats. Keywords Sodium selenite . 4-Nonylphenol . Toxicity . Comet assay . Oxidative stress . Rat
Introduction Surfactants are chemicals that have cleaning and solubilization properties. They are classified as cationic, non-ionic, or anionic according to the hydrophobic part of their molecules [1]. The most commonly used nonionic surfactants are alkylphenol ethoxylates. Alkylphenols contain two groups of compounds: nonylphenol ethoxylates (80%) and octylphenol ethoxylates (20%) [2]. 4-Nonylphenol (para-nonylphenol, 4NP, molecular formula; C 15H 24 O) is one of the major
* Murat Boyacioglu [email protected] 1
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, 09016 Isıklı, Aydın, Turkey
2
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, Turkey
biodegradation products of alkylphenol ethoxylates used in industrial chemicals, and it has endocrine-
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