Sensitive, robust and automated protein analysis of cell differentiation and of primary human blood cells by intact cell

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ORIGINAL PAPER

Sensitive, robust and automated protein analysis of cell differentiation and of primary human blood cells by intact cell MALDI mass spectrometry biotyping Bogdan Munteanu & Carolina von Reitzenstein & Gertrud Maria Hänsch & Björn Meyer & Carsten Hopf

Received: 28 June 2012 / Revised: 7 August 2012 / Accepted: 13 August 2012 / Published online: 6 September 2012 # Springer-Verlag 2012

Abstract Intact cell mass spectrometry biotyping, a collection of methods for classification of cells based on mass spectrometric fingerprints, is an established method in clinical and environmental microbiology. It has recently also been applied to the investigation of mammalian cells including primary blood cells and cultured cells. However, few automated procedures suitable for higher throughput and little analytical standardization of

Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00216-012-6357-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. B. Munteanu : C. von Reitzenstein : B. Meyer : C. Hopf (*) Instrumental Analysis and Bioanalysis, Department of Biotechnology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany e-mail: [email protected] B. Munteanu : C. von Reitzenstein : B. Meyer : C. Hopf Center for Applied Research in Biomedical Mass Spectrometry (ABIMAS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany B. Munteanu : C. von Reitzenstein : B. Meyer : C. Hopf Institute of Medical Technology, University of Heidelberg and Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Mannheim 68163, Germany G. M. Hänsch Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

mammalian biotyping approaches have been reported so far. Here, we present a novel automated method that robustly classifies as few as 250 cells per spot. Automatically acquired cell fingerprints from cultured and primary cells show high technical (R>0.95) and biological reproducibility (R00.83–0.96), with a median peak variance below 12 %. Ion suppression is shown to be a major concern at higher cell numbers and needs to be carefully monitored. We demonstrate that intact cell mass spectrometric signatures of different cell lines start to resemble each other at higher trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) concentrations and that therefore low concentrations of TFA in the matrix solution are preferred. We show that in vitro differentiation of HL-60 cells into a neutrophil-like phenotype can be rapidly and robustly monitored. We utilize the method for global analysis of person-to-person differences in mass spectral signatures of intact polymorphonuclear neutrophils and monocytes obtained from healthy volunteers. Our data suggest that automated MALDI mass spectrometry cell biotyping could be a useful complementary approach in clinical cell analysis. Keywords Intact cell mass spectrometry . MALDI . Mammalian cell biotyping . Cell differentiation . Primary blood cells

Introduction Since t