Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in Eastern India
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Seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants in sheep and goats in Eastern India V. Balamurugan1 • Bibitha Varghese1 • D. Muthuchelvan2 • K. Vinod Kumar1 • G. Govindaraj1 • K. P. Suresh1 • Pankaj Kumar3 • D. Hemadri1 • Parimal Roy1
Received: 19 August 2019 / Accepted: 11 March 2020 Ó Indian Virological Society 2020
Abstract The seroprevalence study of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in small ruminants in Bihar and Odisha states in the Eastern region of India was carried out. A total of 1836 serum samples were collected from sheep (n = 648) and goats (n = 1188) from various epidemiological units (n = 112) in these states by a two-stage sampling plan during April 2017–March 2018. These samples were tested for the detection of virus antibodies by PPR competitive ELISA kit. The results revealed that the seroprevalence of PPR in sheep and goats in Bihar and Odisha states was 30.91% and 54.20%, respectively. Further, the chi-square analysis showed that the association exists between the presence of PPR virus antibodies in the goats (v2 = 93.28, p \ 0.01) and between the states (v2 = 82.61, p \ 0.01). This cross-sectional serosurvey also infers that the sheep and goats in most of the epi-units (n = 87) had \ 70% of PPR virus antibodies prevalence. This warrants the intensive continuous mass vaccination program for a few more years to achieve the desired level of population immunity (epidemiological units protection Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-020-00574-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & V. Balamurugan [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Indian Council of Agricultural Research -National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (ICARNIVEDI), Post Box No. 6450, Yelahanka, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India
2
Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Campus Mukteswar, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263138, India
3
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Bihar Veterinary College, BASU, Patna, Bihar 800014, India
level) and active surveillance to make these states free from PPR in the Eastern region of India. Keywords PPR Cross-sectional study Seroprevalence Sheep and goats Eastern region India Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), otherwise known as ‘Plague of small ruminants, is an acute, contagious, notifiable, economically important transboundary animal disease of sheep and goats and caused by the Small ruminants morbillivirus (SRMV), (formerly known as PPR virus-PPRV) (https://ict vonline.org/virusTaxonomy.asp). Clinically, PPR is characterized by high fever, discharges from eyes and nasal orifices, oral ulcers, gastroenteritis, diarrhea and bronchopneumonia [1]. PPR coincides with considerable morbidity and mortality in sheep and goats and causes a serious menace to the national economy of the enzootic countries [2] with severe socioeconomic implications to livestock owners. The disease in sheep and goats is reported to caus
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