The effect of macrophages on an atmospheric pressure plasma-treated titanium membrane with bone marrow stem cells in a m
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BIOCOMPATIBILITY STUDIES Original Research
The effect of macrophages on an atmospheric pressure plasma-treated titanium membrane with bone marrow stem cells in a model of guided bone regeneration Naoto Toyama1 Shuhei Tsuchiya2 Hisanobu Kamio1 Kazuto Okabe2 Kensuke Kuroda3 Masazumi Okido3 Hideharu Hibi1 ●
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Received: 11 October 2019 / Accepted: 12 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is an established treatment. However, the mechanisms of GBR are not fully understood. Recently, a GBR membrane was identified that acts as a passive barrier to regenerate bone via activation and migration of macrophages (Mps) and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs). Atmospheric pressure plasma treatment of the titanium membrane (APP-Ti) activated macrophages. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether macrophages attached to an APP-Ti membrane affected differentiation of BMSCs in a GBR model. Human THP-1 macrophages (hMps) were cultured on nontreated Ti (N-Ti) and APP-Ti membrane. Macrophage polarization was analyzed by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Secreted proteins from hMps on N-Ti and APP-Ti were detected by LC/MS/MS. hBMSCs were co-cultured with hMps on NTi or APP-Ti and analyzed by osteogenic differentiation, Alizarin red S staining, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. NTi and APP-Ti membrane were also implanted into bone defects of rat calvaria. hMps on APP-Ti were polarized M2-like macrophages. hMps on N-Ti secreted plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and syndecan-2, but hMps on APP-Ti did not. hBMSCs co-cultured with hMps on APP-Ti increased cell migration and gene expression of osteogenic markers, but suppressed mineralization, while ALP activity was similar to that of hMps on N-Ti in vitro. The volume of newly formed bone was not significantly different between N-Ti and APP-Ti membrane in vivo. M2 polarized hMps on APP-Ti suppressed osteogenic induction of hBMSCs in vitro. The indirect role of hMps on APP-Ti in newly formed bone was limited. Graphical Abstract
Supplementary information The online version of this article (https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10856-020-06412-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Shuhei Tsuchiya [email protected] 1
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
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Nagoya University Hospital Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
3
Institute of Materials and Systems for sustainability (IMaSS), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
70 Page 2 of 9
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine (2020)31:70
1 Introduction Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a well-established treatment to achieve bone regeneration and bone defects. GBR treatment was based on the application of a membrane barrier covering a bone defect. However, the un
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