Uptake and distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cultivated plants around an E-waste disposal site in Sou
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Uptake and distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cultivated plants around an E-waste disposal site in Southern China Baokai Wei 1 & Chen Liu 1 & Junsong Bao 1 & Ying Wang 1 & Jicheng Hu 1 & Min Qi 1 & Jun Jin 1,2 & Yongjie Wei 3 Received: 5 February 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air, soil, and cultivated plants at e-waste disposal sites in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, were determined to allow PAH uptake by and distributions in plants to be investigated. The PAH distributions in air, rhizosphere soil, and surface soil were markedly different. This indicated that root morphology variations and root exudates may affect PAH compositions in soil around plants. The PAH concentrations in the plant samples were 29.7–2170 ng/g. The lowest PAH concentration was found in a peeled taproot sample. The PAH concentration gradients from the plant shoots to roots suggested that PAHs entered the plants through various pathways. The three- and four-ring PAHs were found to be absorbed more readily than the higher-molecular-weight (five- and six-ring) PAHs. This indicated that high-molecular-weight PAHs in soil can be prevented from entering plants, particularly taproots, via root exudates and the root peel. For most plants, the highest PAH concentrations were found in leaves, indicating that atmospheric deposition may strongly affect PAH concentrations in aerial plant parts. High-molecular-weight PAHs are more readily absorbed from ambient air by leaves than other parts. Lower PAH concentrations were found in fruits than other plant parts. This and the differences in PAH distributions between fruits and other aerial parts indicated that PAHs may be selectively absorbed by fruits. Keywords E-waste . PAHs . Plants . Uptake . Translocation
Introduction Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous organic contaminants. A PAH has two or more fused aromatic Responsible Editor: Gangrong Shi Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10642-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jun Jin [email protected] * Yongjie Wei
1
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, No. 27, South Road, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
2
Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Public Health, Beijing 100081, China
3
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
rings and contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms. PAHs are mainly producing through incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic material. There are great concerns about the occurrence of PAHs in the environment because PAHs are genotoxic, carcinogenic, and ubiquitous in the environment (Wang et al. 2012). Many PAHs are suspected or known carcinogens or mutagens (Jing and Bing 2009; Yang et al. 2010). PAHs are generally emitted to the atmosphere and then ent
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