Variation in the KRTAP6-3 gene and its association with wool characteristics in Pakistani sheep breeds and breed-crosses
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Variation in the KRTAP6-3 gene and its association with wool characteristics in Pakistani sheep breeds and breed-crosses Farman Ullah 1 & Syed M. Jamal 1
&
Huitong Zhou 2 & Jon G. H. Hickford 2
Received: 13 February 2020 / Accepted: 9 June 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract This study investigated variation in the keratin-associated proteins gene, KRTAP6-3, in 5 Pakistani sheep breeds/crosses using polymerase chain reaction-single strand confirmation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. Different banding patterns were revealed, including previously described patterns and a novel pattern (named variant H). The amplified PCR product of the novel banding pattern was directly sequenced, and a synonymous nucleotide variation c.51T>C was revealed. Among the wool traits assessed, a strong correlation (r = 0.929; P < 0.001) was observed between fibre diameter standard deviation (FDSD) and coefficient of variation of fibre diameter (CVFD), between FDSD and medullation (r = 0.720; P < 0.001), between FDSD and medullation standard deviation (MeSD) (r = 0.734; P < 0.001), between MeSD and coefficient of variance of medullation (CVMed), (r = 0.903, P < 0.001), and between CVFD and medullation (r = 0.660), CVFD and MeSD (r = 0.786; P < 0.001), CVFD and CVMed (r = 0.701; P < 0.001) and medullation and MeSD (r = 0.771; P < 0.001). Variant B was found to be associated (P = 0.018) with CVFD; the presence of B being associated with a higher CVFD, than in its absence (41.08 ± 3.98 versus 36.34 ± 3.08). Variant C was associated with CVMed (P = 0.040), where sheep with C had a lower CVMed than sheep where it was absent. Variation in KRTAP6-3 was found to affect fibre diameter related traits of wool. Keywords KRTAP6-3 gene . Keratin-associated protein . Variant H . Wool characteristics . Pakistani sheep breeds
Introduction Sheep have been bred from ancient times to improve both the quality and quantity of wool they produce. Because wool fibre is primarily composed of proteins, emphasis has therefore been placed on studying genes which control the production of those proteins. The keratin-associated proteins (KAPs) are components of wool fibres and they bestow specific qualities such as strength and inertness on the fibres (Parry and Steinert 1992; Powell and Beltrame 1994). They provide a semi-rigid matrix that envelopes the keratin intermediate filaments (KIFs) and thus they help define the physico-mechanical properties of the wool fibres (Powell and Rogers 1997). Currently, 28 families * Syed M. Jamal [email protected] 1
Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir (L) 18800 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
2
Gene-Marker Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647 New Zealand
of KAPs have been described in mammals, with over 90 KAP genes (KRTAPs) described (Rogers and Schweizer 2005; Rogers et al. 2007; Bai et al. 2018, 2019; Gong et al. 2019). The KAPs contain high levels of cysteine, glycine and tyrosine, and historically in mammals they have
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