Trace metals in estuarine organisms from a port region in southern Brazil: consumption risk to the local population
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Trace metals in estuarine organisms from a port region in southern Brazil: consumption risk to the local population Sabrina Loise de Moraes Calado 1 & Lilian Dalago Salgado 1,2 & Gustavo Souza Santos 3 & Fernando da Silva Carvalho Neto 4 & Márcia Santos de Menezes 5 Received: 15 January 2020 / Accepted: 13 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Metal contamination is a threat to estuarine environments. They can accumulate in the food chain and cause toxic effects on aquatic organisms and human health. This study evaluated the concentrations of metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in aquatic organisms of Antonina Bay (southern Brazil) to analyze whether the metal concentrations were in accordance with Brazilian food legislation and estimate the human risk of local seafood consumption. All analyzed organisms (Centropomus parallelus, Mugil curema, Genidens genidens, Crassostrea brasiliana, and Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) showed traces of metals in their tissues with different metal concentrations among species. Metal concentrations were generally higher in oyster C. brasiliana, and biomagnification was not observed. Cr and Zn concentrations were above the limits established by legislation for all species in at least one sample. The concentrations of the other metals were within permitted levels. However, concentrations of Cd, Cr, Fe, and Zn posed a human consumption risk. In general, the C. brasiliana oyster presented the highest risk for human consumption, probably due to its filtering habit. Thus, the results indicated that metal concentrations in the tissues of the Antonina Bay seafood can pose a risk to human health, and this chronic exposure to metals also can cause toxic effects on local aquatic biota. Keywords Aquatic contamination . Trace elements . Food chain . Seafood . Human health . Risk assessment
Introduction Worldwide, coastal, and marine ecosystems are constantly impacted by anthropogenic activities. The presence of urban settlements, industrial complexes, and ports along coastal areas can cause many environmental impacts to these ecosystems. Estuarine regions consist of transition zones between continental and oceanic water and are among the most
productive ecosystems in the world, representing important nursery zones for many aquatic species. However, these regions have been strongly affected by anthropogenic contamination (Fusi et al. 2016). One of the main environmental impacts in estuarine areas is the entry of toxic compounds, such as metals, organochlorines, pesticides, and hydrocarbons (Martins et al. 2012). These contaminations can pose a threat to aquatic species
Responsible Editor: Vedula VSS Sarma * Sabrina Loise de Moraes Calado [email protected] Lilian Dalago Salgado [email protected] Gustavo Souza Santos [email protected] Fernando da Silva Carvalho Neto [email protected] Márcia Santos de Menezes [email protected]
1
Ecology and Conservation Post-Graduation Program, Federal University of Paraná, P.
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