Genetic diversity in leafy mustard ( Brassica juncea var. rugosa ) as revealed by agro-morphological traits and SSR mark
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Genetic diversity in leafy mustard (Brassica juncea var. rugosa) as revealed by agro-morphological traits and SSR markers Deepika Sharma1 • J. Nanjundan2 • Lal Singh3 • S. P. Singh3 • Nehanjali Parmar3 M. S. Sujith Kumar3 • K. H. Singh3 • A. K. Mishra4 • Ranbir Singh5 • Kumar Sambhav Verma1 • Ajay Kumar Thakur3
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Received: 18 May 2020 / Revised: 18 August 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 / Published online: 21 September 2020 Ó Prof. H.S. Srivastava Foundation for Science and Society 2020
Abstract Leafy mustard (B. juncea var. rugosa) constitutes an important group of vegetable mustard crops in India and is mainly cultivated in home-backyard and hilly regions of Uttarakhand and some North-eastern states. In the present study, various agro-morphological traits, physiological and biochemical traits along with SSR markers were used for genetic diversity evaluation in a germplasm collection of leafy mustard. This study revealed a significant variation among 59 accessions of leafy mustard in both qualitative and quantitative agro-morphological traits indicating the accessions’ promising potential for consumption purpose and for use in breeding programs. Maximum variability was recorded for leaf area elongation rate (CV = 53.12%), followed by total plant weight (TPW) (CV = 50.63%) and seed yield per plant (CV = 44.33%). In molecular analysis, 155 SSRs evaluated resulted in 482 alleles and the number of alleles varied form 1 to 8 with an average of 3.11 alleles per marker. A total of 122 (78.70%) SSRs resulted into polymorphic amplicons. PIC value varied from 0.32 to 0.77 with an average value of 0.44 per SSR locus. The unweighted neighbour-joining-based & Ajay Kumar Thakur [email protected] 1
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 006, India
2
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute-Regional Station, Wellington, Tamilnadu 643 231, India
3
ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, Rajasthan 321 303, India
4
ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Shillong, Meghalaya 793 103, India
5
ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110 012, India
dendrogram analysis divided all the 59 accessions into two major groups on the basis of both agro-morphological traits and SSR markers, whereas, three subpopulations/subgroups were predicted by population STRUCTURE analysis. AMOVA indicated the presence of more variability within population than among population. Overall, agro-morphologically better performing and genetically diverse genotypes have been identified which could be further used as donors for leafy mustard improvement programs. Keywords Brassica juncea var. rugosa Genetic diversity Agromorphological traits SSR markers
Introduction Brassica juncea var. rugosa, also known as a leafy mustard/laipatta belongs to family Brassicaceae and is a tall, slow-growing mustard with lust green foliage varying from light green to deep purple in color (Pant et al. 2020). It is a native of central and Easte
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