Genetic Diversity of Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer (BSFB) Population of Odisha, India
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RESEARCH PAPER
Genetic Diversity of Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer (BSFB) Population of Odisha, India Dattatreya Kar1 · Ananya Kuanar1 · Asit Ray1 · Mahendra Gaur1 · Bibhudutta Pattanaik1 · Budhadev Mishra2 Received: 5 February 2019 / Accepted: 26 September 2020 © Shiraz University 2020
Abstract In Southern and Southern East Asia, the eggplant fruit and shoot borer (BSFB) is the most harmful pest for eggplant. The pest is known to cause about 16 and 70% damage to shoots and fruits, respectively. It is of practical importance to precisely trace the genetic variability in the expanding geographical distribution of the pest. In the current study, the genetic variability was analysed among geographically confined populations of BSFB from thirty locations of Odisha adopting RAPD-PCR technique. Twenty random 10-mer oligonucleotide primers were cast off to amplify genomes of thirty BSFB populations. A total of 118 bands were spotted by 10 primers, of which 116 were polymorphic. Thirteen unique bands were recognized which will be helpful for developing diagnostic markers. Genetic similarity among BSFB populations ranges from 0.37 to 0.93, with a mean of 0.65 specifying that wide genetic variation showed among BSFB populations at molecular level. Most of the populations could be, especially prominent from each other and clustered into two major clusters. The Structure software indicated a significant genetic differentiation among the populations. More research with host differentials can establish their biotype status. Keywords Brinjal · BSFB · RAPD · Cluster analysis
1 Introduction In the subtropics and tropics regions of the world eggplant or brinjal is a popular annual vegetable crop (Taher et al. 2017). The crop is mainly grown by poor farm families, as it is a vital source of nutrition and capital resource for many underprivileged farmers. Eggplant is grown round the year which supplies 25 calories per serving and has no fat (http://agrit ech.tnau.ac.in/pdf/faqbtbrinjal.pdf). In vegetarian diets its “meaty” texture makes eggplant a staple. In India, eggplant is cultivated on 7, 11,300 ha and 1, 35,570 metric tons were produced in 2013–2014 as reported by APEDA (Agricultural & Processed Food Products Export Development authority). The states like Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Odisha, * Ananya Kuanar [email protected] 1
Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Kalinga Nagar, Ghatikia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India
Department of Plant Pathology, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Surya Nagar, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha 751003, India
2
Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and West Bengal are the major growing areas. Odisha is the second largest producer of brinjal in India; it covers an area of 125,200 ha area which produces around 158,300 metric tons which shares 17.2% of the total India’s production reported by Indian Horticulture Database 2013–2014. Eggplant crops cover production of 381,420 metric tons (BBS 2004) with 64,208 ha in Bangladesh. Out of the total vegetable area
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