Green Synthesis of Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoflower as Dual Agent for Photodegradation of an Organic Dye and Tyrosinase In
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Green Synthesis of Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoflower as Dual Agent for Photodegradation of an Organic Dye and Tyrosinase Inhibitor Anthony C. Ekennia1 · Dickson N. Uduagwu1 · Njemuwa N. Nwaji1 · Obinna O. Oje1 · Chimerem O. Emma‑Uba1 · Sandra I. Mgbii1 · Olawale J. Olowo1 · Obianuju L. Nwanji1 Received: 8 July 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the study, metabolites of Euphorbia sanguinea were used as benign reducing and stabilizing agents to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). The nanoparticles were evaluated as dual agent for photodegradation of Malachite green dye and tyrosinase inhibitior of mushroom tyrosine enzyme. Surface plasmon bands and energy band gaps of the ZnO-NPs were within the range 356–378 nm and 2.72–4.37 eV respectively as obtained from the UV–Vis spectra. SEM/EDS elemental mapping of the nanoparticles gave flower-like shape and even distribution of zinc and oxygen. XRD result revealed crystallographic peaks assigned to hexagonal phase of zinc oxide. The metal oxide nanoparticles were used to achieve 53% percentage degradation of Malachite green dye solution in less than a minute of solar radiation, which increased to 92% in 60 min. A first order kinetics with correlation coefficient R2 of 0.937, rate constant of 0.0084 min−1 and half-life of 82.52 min was established for the photodegradation process. The ZnONPs exhibited good tyrosinase inhibition with IC50 of 49.016 µg/ml. The mode of enzymatic inhibition was competitive with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 0.525 mM using Lineweaver–Burk kinetic model. Keywords Zinc oxide · Nanoparticles · Photocatalytic · Tyrosinase inhibition · Kinetics
1 Introduction In recent times, nano-biotechnology has become the focal point of many scientific explorations because it is in tandem with the principles of green chemistry [1]. Diverse plant metabolites have been explored for biosynthesis of various metal(oxide) nanoparticles [2, 3]. Biosynthesized nanoparticles are mostly non-lethal and possess important physicochemical properties such as: large specific surface area, controlled surface activity, high surface interface, catalytic, optical and volume effects. Hence, they have been applied in water treatment, photocatalytic degradation of dyes, cosmetics and medicine [4]. Remarkably, the rich heritage of plant diversity offers great potential for bio-prospecting in nanotechnology [4], biotechnology [5], Science [6, 7] and engineering [8, 9]. * Anthony C. Ekennia [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike (AE-FUNAI), P.M.B 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Organic dye pollutants pose a challenge to the environment due to their toxicity, non-biodegradability, kinetically slow degradation process and carcinogenicity [10–12]. Several techniques such as: adsorption, ion exchange, coagulation–flocculation, membrane technology, direct chemical oxidation, irradiation and advanced oxidatio
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