Insecticidal and repellent activity of geranium essential oil against Musca domestica and Lucilia cuprina
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SCIENTIFIC NOTE
Insecticidal and repellent activity of geranium essential oil against Musca domestica and Lucilia cuprina Luana Carvalho Saraiva 1,2 & Antônio Francisco Igor Magalhães de Matos 2 & Luciana Filippin Cossetin 1,2 & Jéssica Carla Martins Couto 1 & Letícia dos Santos Petry 2 & Silvia González Monteiro 2 Received: 2 August 2019 / Accepted: 17 March 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract We conducted laboratory experiments to investigate the repellent and insecticidal activity of Pelargonium graveolens geranium oil (GO) against larvae and adults of two dipteran species Musca domestica and Lucilia cuprina. The insecticidal activity of the GO was assessed on larvae using an immersion test, and on adults using impregnated filter paper and direct surface contact tests. Meanwhile, the repellent activity of the GO was assessed against adults of the two fly species. The results showed that P. graveolens GO had no larvicidal activity against both dipteran species. The lethal concentrations (LC50) of GO after 15 min exposure were 3.0% and 2.5% in the direct surface application test, and 5.9% and 3.5% in the filter paper test, for M. domestica and L. cuprina, respectively. The GO of P. graveolens showed a repellent effect at a concentration of 1%. Our results suggest that P. graveolens GO has potential as a biopesticide for the control of M. domestica and L. cuprina and could provide an alternative to chemical insecticides. Keywords Phytotherapy . Musca domestica . Lucilia cuprina . Pelargonium graveolens . Monoterpenes
Introduction The housefly Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae) is an important mechanical vector of more than 100 human and domestic animal etiological agents (including bacteria, viruses, worms, parasites, and protozoa) that cause several foodborne infectious diseases such as cholera, shigellosis, and salmonellosis (Sasaki et al. 2000; De Jesús et al. 2004; Singh et al. 2009; Sinthusiri and Soonwera 2014). Musca domestica is widespread and common, particularly in tropical and subtropical countries where high densities (e.g., ≈3220 pupae per 1 kg of manure) can occur due to hot and humid environmental conditions. It occurs in different habitats
* Antônio Francisco Igor Magalhães de Matos [email protected] 1
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
2
Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, n° 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
and can be associated with animal and human excreta, refuse, animal bedding materials, and decaying organic matter (Herms et al. 1969; Greenberg 1973; Malik et al. 2007). Another important dipteran vector foodborne infections diseases is Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera, Calliphoridae), commonly known as the sheep blowfly. Lucilia cuprina is the main vector of sheep myiasis in Australia, South Africa, and New Zealand (Heath and Bishop 2006).
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