3D printed hydrogels with oxidized cellulose nanofibers and silk fibroin for the proliferation of lung epithelial stem c
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
3D printed hydrogels with oxidized cellulose nanofibers and silk fibroin for the proliferation of lung epithelial stem cells Li Huang . Wei Yuan . Yue Hong . Suna Fan . Xiang Yao . Tao Ren . Lujie Song . Gesheng Yang . Yaopeng Zhang
Received: 2 May 2020 / Accepted: 10 October 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract A novel biomaterial ink consisting of regenerated silk fibroin (SF) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized bacterial cellulose (OBC) nanofibrils was developed for 3D printing lung tissue scaffold. Silk fibroin backbones were cross-linked using horseradish peroxide/H2O2 to form printed hydrogel scaffolds. OBC with a concentration of 7wt% increased the viscosity of inks during the printing process and further improved the shape fidelity of the scaffolds. Rheological measurements and image analyses were performed to evaluate inks
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03526-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
printability and print shape fidelity. Three-dimensional construct with ten layers could be printed with ink of 1SF-2OBC (SF/OBC = 1/2, w/w). The composite hydrogel of 1SF-1OBC (SF/OBC = 1/1, w/w) printed at 25 °C exhibited a significantly improved compressive strength of 267 ± 13 kPa and a compressive stiffness of 325 ± 14 kPa at 30% strain, respectively. The optimized printing parameters for 1SF-1OBC were 0.3 bar of printing pressure, 45 mm/s of printing speed and 410 lm of nozzle diameter. Furthermore, OBC nanofibrils could be induced to align along the print lines over 60% degree of orientation, which were analyzed by SEM and X-ray diffraction. The orientation of OBC nanofibrils along print lines provided physical cues for guiding the
L. Huang S. Fan X. Yao G. Yang (&) Y. Zhang (&) State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]
Y. Hong T. Ren Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People’s Republic of China
Y. Zhang e-mail: [email protected]
L. Song Shanghai Oriental Institute for Urologic Reconstruction, Shanghai 200233, People’s Republic of China
W. Yuan Department of Urology, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
L. Song Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People’s Republic of China
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Cellulose
orientation of lung epithelial stem cells, which maintained the ability to proliferate and kept epithelial phenotype after 7 days’ culture. The 3D printed SFOBC scaffolds are promising for applications in lung tissue engineeri
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