Genetic diversity in tomato accessions [ Solanum lycopersicum (L.) H. Karst] from Nigeria employing morphological and SS
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Genetic diversity in tomato accessions [Solanum lycopersicum (L.) H. Karst] from Nigeria employing morphological and SSR markers Alaba Emmanuel Gbadamosi1 • Abiola Toyin Ajayi1 Idowu Olaposi Omotuyi2
•
Oluwatoyin Sunday Osekita1
•
Received: 30 April 2020 / Accepted: 20 July 2020 Ó Indian Society for Plant Physiology 2020
Abstract The level of genetic diversity among 40 accessions of tomato collected from Nigeria was assessed employing 10 quantitative traits and 13 EST-SSR markers. There were significant differences among accessions as revealed by the quantitative traits. Meanwhile, the level of polymorphism displayed by the EST-SSR markers was low with mean PIC of 0.13. The clusters formed by morphological traits were completely different from the ones established by EST-SSR markers, as supported by the weak correlation (r = 0.143) between morphological and molecular distances by Mantel test. PCA and bi-plot analyses indicate that fruit yield, average fruit weight, number of days to first flowering and first fruit set and plant height, number of branches and number of fruits per cluster had the highest discriminating potentials. The best accessions T5, T17 and T12 were vertex accessions in the fruit yield, plant height, number of fruits per cluster and number of main branches sector. Accessions T11, T32 and T38 were vertex accessions in the number of days to first flowering and number of days to fruit set sector, hence
& Abiola Toyin Ajayi [email protected] Alaba Emmanuel Gbadamosi [email protected] Oluwatoyin Sunday Osekita [email protected] Idowu Olaposi Omotuyi [email protected] 1
Plant Breeding Unit, Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
2
Centre for Biocomputing and Drug Development, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
were late maturing accessions, poor in yield and can however be improved by crossing them with the accessions in the first sector. Keywords Tomato Genetic diversity Morphological traits Polymorphic EST-SSR Primers
Introduction One of the most important perennial vegetable in the world is tomato; it is generally cultivated as annual and consumed worldwide (Henareh et al. 2015); for various purposes which include cooking, paste and in making ketchup (Qumer et al. 2014). It is a member of Solanaceae popularly known as the nightshade family which consists of about 96 genera with about 3000 species across three subfamilies. The importance of Solanaceae lies in the caliber of plants included in the family; such as pepper, potato, tomato, petunia, tobacco and eggplant. Tomato has acquired different names from the time of Linnaeus up to what it is being called today (Foolad 2007). Tomato does well in almost every part of Nigeria; however the best area of cultivation lies in the savannah agro-ecological zone due to the lower prevalence of pests and diseases of tomato (Ugonna et al. 2015). As at 2018, Nigeria was ranked the 13th largest tomato producing n
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