Green and efficient biosynthesis of pectin-based copper nanoparticles and their antimicrobial activities
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RESEARCH PAPER
Green and efficient biosynthesis of pectin‑based copper nanoparticles and their antimicrobial activities Pei‑jun Li1,2 · Jin‑ye Liang2 · Dong‑lin Su1,3 · Ying Huang2 · Jiang‑juan Pan2 · Ming‑fang Peng2 · Gao‑yang Li1,4 · Yang Shan1,3 Received: 13 October 2019 / Accepted: 13 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Herein, we reported a green biosynthesis method of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) at microwave irradiation condition by using pectin as a stabilizer and ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. Under the optimum conditions, CuNPs1 and 2 were synthesized under microwave times 0 and 3 min, respectively. Transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests showed that CuNPs1 and 2 had irregular polygon particles with average diameters of 61.9 ± 19.4 and 40.9 ± 13.6 nm, respectively. Zeta potentials of CuNPs1 and 2 were −45.2 and −48.7 mV, respectively. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques were used to characterize the properties of CuNPs. Furthermore, inhibition zone tests showed that CuNPs2 exhibited higher antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Aspergillus japonicus than CuNPs1. The antibacterial activities were also studied by the bacterial growth kinetics in broth media, and CuNPs2 exhibited lower minimum bactericidal concentrations than CuNPs1. Keywords Copper nanoparticles · Microwave · Pectin · Antimicrobial activities
Introduction Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) have special properties, which have made them important for various applications, such as super strong materials, antibacterial materials, sensors, and catalysts [1]. However, the major challenge is that Cu experiences oxidation during the nanoparticle
* Pei‑jun Li [email protected] * Yang Shan [email protected] 1
Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
2
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
3
Longping Branch Graduate School, Central South University, Changsha 410125, China
4
Hunan Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage, Processing and Quality Safety, Changsha 410125, China
preparation process [2]. Therefore, a green and efficient method for CuNPs biosynthesis is of great importance. To prevent oxidation, non-aqueous media or inert gas was applied for CuNPs synthesis, but this method was tedious, time consuming, and labor intensive. Recently, the preparation of CuNPs in an aqueous solution by using different biopolymers as stabilizing agents has been reported; these biopolymers include cyclodextrins [1], nanocrystalline cellulose [2], gum acacia [3], chitosan [4, 5], pectin [6], and starch [7]. However, the use of toxic reducing agents such as hydrazine, sodium borohydrate, and sodium hyp
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