Hair follicle regional specificity in different parts of bay Mongolian horse by histology and transcriptional profiling
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Hair follicle regional specificity in different parts of bay Mongolian horse by histology and transcriptional profiling Ruoyang Zhao1, Wu Yihan2, Yiping Zhao1, Bei Li1, Haige Han1, Togtokh Mongke1, Tugeqin Bao1, Wenxing Wang3, Manglai Dugarjaviin1† and Dongyi Bai1*†
Abstract Background: Different morphological structures of hairs having properties like defense and camouflage help animals survive in the wild environment. Horse is one of the rare kinds of animals with complex hair phenotypes in one individual; however, knowledge of horse hair follicle is limited in literature and their molecular basis remains unclear. Therefore, the investigation of horse hair follicle morphogenesis and pigmentogenesis attracts considerable interest. Result: Histological studies revealed the morphology and pigment synthesis of hair follicles are different in between four different parts (mane, dorsal part, tail, and fetlock) of the bay Mongolian horse. Hair follicle size, density, and cycle are strongly associated with the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). We observed a great difference in gene expression between the mane, tail, and fetlock, which had a greater different gene expression pattern compared with the dorsal part through transcriptomics. The development of the hair follicle in all four parts was related to angiogenesis, stem cells, Wnt, and IGF signaling pathways. Pigmentogenesis-related pathways were involved in their hair follicle pigment synthesis. Conclusions: Hair follicle morphology and the activity of ALP differ among four body parts in bay Mongolian horse. Hair follicles of the different body parts of the are not synchronized in their cycle stages. GO terms show a regional specificity pattern between different skin parts of the bay Mongolian horse. These results provide an insight into the understanding of the biological mechanism of the hair follicle in other mammals. Keywords: Mongolian horse, Skin, Hair follicle, Histology, Transcriptome
* Correspondence: [email protected] † Manglai Dugarjaviin and Dongyi Bai contributed equally to this work. 1 lnner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Equine Research Center, College of animal science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Zhao Wu Da Road, Hohhot 306 010018, Inner Mongolia, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicate
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