Is Yersinia bercovieri Surpassing Yersinia enterocolitica in Wild Boars ( Sus scrofa )?
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Ó 2020 EcoHealth Alliance
Short Communication
Is Yersinia bercovieri Surpassing Yersinia enterocolitica in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa)? Silvia Bonardi,1 Sylvie Bre´mont,2 Alice Vismarra,1 Ida Poli,1 Giuseppe Diegoli,3 Luca Bolzoni,4 Margherita Corradi,5 Stefano Gilioli,5 and Anne Sophie Le Guern2 1
Unit of Food Inspection, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Strada del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy Yersinia Research Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Yersinia, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France 3 Emilia-Romagna Region, Collective Prevention and Public Health Service, Viale Aldo Moro 21, 40127 Bologna, Italy 4 Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, Sezione di Parma, Strada dei Mercati 13/A, 43126 Parma, Italy 5 Management Body for Parks and Biodiversity ‘‘Emilia Occidentale’’, Sala Baganza, PR, Italy 2
Abstract: Yersiniosis was the fourth reported zoonosis in the European Union in 2018. As well-known, pigs are recognized important reservoirs of Yersinia enterocolitica. The study was focused on Y. enterocolitica detection in mesenteric lymph nodes and faeces of 305 wild boars, but Yersinia bercovieri was more common, being isolated from 108 animals (35.4%). Cold season (p = 1.17 9 10–5) and young age (p = 0.004) significantly increased Y. bercovieri detection. Y. enterocolitica 1A belonging to six serotypes (O:4.32–4.33; O:5; O:6.30–6.31; O:7.8–8–8.19; O:10–34; O:12.25–12.26) was isolated from 8.2% (25/305) of the animals. Cold season significantly affected (p = 0.037) Y. enterocolitica detection. Keywords: Y. enterocolitica 1A, Y. bercovieri, Wild boars, Seasonality, Misidentification, Italy
Yersiniosis was the fourth reported zoonosis in the European Union (EU) in 2018, accounting for 6699 notified human cases (EFSA 2019), with Y. enterocolitica as the most commonly reported species (EFSA and ECDC 2018). Pigs are the most important reservoirs of enteropathogenic bioserotypes of Y. enterocolitica, namely 4/O:3 and 2/O:9 (Fredriksson-Ahomaa et al. 2007), and the role of pork in
Electronic supplementary material: The online version of this article (https://doi. org/10.1007/s10393-020-01492-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Correspondence to: Silvia Bonardi, e-mail: [email protected]
the epidemiology of food-borne yersiniosis has been suggested for decades (Tauxe et al. 1987). In northern Italy, 4/O:3 and 2/O:9 Y. enterocolitica have been isolated from farmed pigs (Bonardi et al. 2013, 2016), as well as in other European countries (Alakurtti et al. 2016; Joutsen and Fredriksson-Ahomaa 2016; Ra˚sba¨ck et al. 2018). In addition, pathogenic bio-serotypes from wild boars have been reported (Wacheck et al. 2010; Fredriksson-Ahomaa et al. 2011; Bancerz-Kisiel et al. 2015; Syczyło et al. 2018). From June 2017 to March 2019, 305 wild boars hunted in Parma and Piacenza provinces (northern Italy) were tested to assess the role of this species
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