Leaf blast disease in finger millet [ Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc.: a histopath
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Leaf blast disease in finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc.: a histopathological study Pereira Preethi1,2 · M. S. Sharada1 · C. R. Divya1 Received: 3 April 2020 / Accepted: 4 July 2020 © Deutsche Phytomedizinische Gesellschaft 2020
Abstract Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) is a staple food in many African and South Asian countries and is ranked fourth among millets produced worldwide. Finger millet crops are affected by a number of diseases, including blast disease, which is the most destructive and widely distributed disease of the world. It is generally caused by Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc. We observed blast like symptoms in finger millet crops in the field in Doddamaragowdana halli, Mysore District, India. The infected leaves were subjected to analysis to identify the causative agent. Histopathological studies were conducted at different stages of infection (namely 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 till 72 h) and infection process was observed beginning with adhesion of conidia on the leaf surface, production of germ tube, aspersorium formation followed by formation of hyphae and conidia. Based on the morphological characteristics of the colony, conidiophores and conidia as well as by performing Koch’s postulate the organism was identified. Based on our results, the pathogen isolated from the foliar samples of finger millet collected from infected field was identified as Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. To our knowledge, this is the first report of blast disease in finger millet caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Keywords Blast disease · Finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] · Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. · Histopathological study
Introduction Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) belonging to the family Poaceae is a staple food in many African and South Asian countries and is also one of the most important food crops of South India (Dida et al. 2008). More than 25 countries, of the world grow finger millet, and it is considered as fourth among millets produced worldwide, after sorghum, pearl millet and foxtail millet (Upadhyaya et al. 2007). Finger millet crops are affected by a number of diseases including fungal diseases such as blast disease, brown spot disease, foot rot disease, Cercospora leaf spot, Green ear disease, smut disease and damping off disease (Kumar and Singh 2010). Blast disease of finger millet is mainly caused by Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc., which was first identified * Pereira Preethi [email protected] 1
Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
Present Address: Department of Botany, St. Philomena’s College, Mysuru 570018, India
2
in India and is the most destructive and widely distributed disease in almost all the finger millet growing regions of the world (Mc Rae 1920). Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc., a fungal pathogen, affects small grain cereals such as wheat and barley and causes diseases like common root rot, spot bloch disease, leaf spot disease, seedling blight, head
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