SiRNA Delivery Methods Methods and Protocols
This volume provides a collection of cutting-edge strategies in siRNA delivery that were developed and refined over the years with tried-and-true methods. Written by a team of internationally renowned authors, this book describes, in detail, a variet
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Kato Shum John Rossi Editors
SiRNA Delivery Methods Methods and Protocols
METHODS
IN
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Series Editor John M. Walker School of Life and Medical Sciences University of Hertfordshire Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7651
SiRNA Delivery Methods Methods and Protocols
Edited by
Kato Shum and John Rossi Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
Editors Kato Shum Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Duarte, CA, USA
John Rossi Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Duarte, CA, USA
ISSN 1064-3745 ISSN 1940-6029 (electronic) Methods in Molecular Biology ISBN 978-1-4939-3111-8 ISBN 978-1-4939-3112-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3112-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015947262 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is a brand of Springer Springer Science+Business Media LLC New York is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular process for gene silencing based on recognition and subsequent degradation of specific mRNA sequences. The process was initially observed in plants and was later demonstrated in the nematode worm by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello. This groundbreaking discovery won Fire and Mello the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 2006. The RNAi process can be triggered by chemically synthesized small interfering RNAs (SiRNAs) or vector-expressed short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs). SiRNAs are short double-stranded RNA molecules (20–25 bp) with two well-defined overhanging nucleotides at the 3′ end, and shRNAs are longer double-stranded RNA molecules (∼70 bp) that contain a tight hairpin turn. Since RNAi harnesses a natural pathway that can turn off gene expression at the posttranscriptional level even before protein translation occurs, the knowledge that SiRN
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