Sources of resistance to Fusarium head blight in VIR oat collection
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Sources of resistance to Fusarium head blight in VIR oat collection T. Gagkaeva • O. P. Gavrilova • T. Yli-Mattila I. G. Loskutov
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Received: 12 September 2012 / Accepted: 14 January 2013 / Published online: 26 January 2013 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013
Abstract Fusarium head blight (FBH) is a serious disease of cultivated oats (Avena sativa L.). The objective of this study was to screen a set of oat genotypes from the VIR Avena sativa germplasm collection for the FHB resistance. Of the 155 screened genotypes 42 % belonged to both hulled and naked cultivars, 55 % were landraces and the rest were breeding lines. Screening nurseries were planted at two locations: in the Northwestern Russia in 2007–2008 with artificial inoculation by F. sporotrichioides strains and in the Russian Far East in 2009 (natural infections). The resistance data were based on three different parameters: (a) percentage of grain showing evidence of Fusarium damage, (b) the DNA content of the trichothecene-producing Fusarium species and (c) the trichothecene mycotoxin
T. Gagkaeva (&) O. P. Gavrilova Laboratory of Mycology and Phytopathology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR), St. Petersburg, Russia e-mail: [email protected] T. Yli-Mattila Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland I. G. Loskutov Department of Genetic Resources of rye, barley and oat, N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry (VIR) and Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
accumulation; the sum of which permitted identification of genotypes with multicomponent resistance to FHB. The highest degrees of resistance were observed in the naked cvs. Iymay (k-11014, China) and Numbat (k-14851, Australia) and by the hulled cv. Kuromi (r11632, Japan). The most resistant landraces were the hulled oats originating from the Asian region (k-2513, k-6963, k-7766, and k-8479). Considerable similarity was observed between the resistance reactions of oat genotypes to the Fusarium disease under different environmental conditions. The identified resistant accessions may serve as crossing partners in oat breeding efforts. Keywords DNA Fusarium head blight Grain Mycotoxins Oat Resistance
Introduction Oat is one of the most important cereal crops in the world that is widely used both as food and fodder. This crop has become desirable for human consumption due to its high nutritional value, especially the naked oats (Loskutov 2007; Redaelli et al. 2009). The Russian Federation has the largest oat cultivation area (over 3 M ha) and accounts for nearly 30 % of the global oat production. Oat is also an important crop in Canada, Poland, Sweden and Finland, whose together
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with Russia cover over 50 % of the global oat production (FAOSTAT). One of the factors determining grain quality is the degree of infection with pathogenic mycobiota. Fusarium head blight (FHB) of oat is a fungal disease, with increasing international importance
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