Stress-related ecophysiology of members of the genus Rhodanobacter isolated from a mixed waste contaminated subsurface
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Stress-related ecophysiology of members of the genus Rhodanobacter isolated from a mixed waste contaminated subsurface Om Prakash (✉)1,2,5, Stefan J. Green3,4, Pooja Singh6, Puja Jasrotia1, Joel E. Kostka (✉)5 1 Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Science Department, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA 2 National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Maharashtra, Pune-411007, India 3 Genome Research Core, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA 4 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA 5 Georgia Institute of Technology Schools of Biology and Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA 6 Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Lavale, Pune-412115, India
HIGHLIGHTS
GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
• Rhodanobacter spp. are dominant in acidic, high nitrate and metal contaminated sites. • Dominance of Rhodanobacter is likely due to tolerance to low pH and heavy metals. • High organic content increases stress tolerance capacity. • Longer incubation time is critical for accurate assessment of MIC (various stresses).
ARTICLE INFO Article history:
Received 25 February 2020 Revised 19 July 2020 Accepted 21 July 2020 Available online 6 September 2020 Keywords: Rhodanobacter Uranium Nitrate Metals Stress tolerance
ABSTRACT This work examines the physiologic basis of stress tolerance in bacterial strains of the genus Rhodanobacter that dominate in the acidic and highly metal contaminated near-source subsurface zone of the Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge (ORIFRC) site. Tolerance of R. denitrificans to levels of different stresses were studied in synthetic groundwater medium and R2A broth. Two strains T of R. denitrificans, strains 2APBS1 and 116-2, tolerate low to circumneutral pH (4–8), high Uranium (1 mmol/L), elevated levels of nitrate (400 mmol/L) and high NaCl (2.5%). A combination of physiologic traits, such as growth at low pH, increased growth in the presence of high organics concentration, and tolerance of high concentrations of nitrate, NaCl and heavy metals is likely responsible for dominance of Rhodanobacter at the ORIFRC site. Furthermore, extended incubation times and use of low carbon media, better approximating site groundwater conditions, are critical for accurate determination of stress responses. This study expands knowledge of the ecophysiology of bacteria from the genus Rhodanobacter and identifies methodological approaches necessary for acquiring accurate tolerance data. © Higher Education Press 2020
1 ✉ Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected] (O.Prakash); joel.kostka@biology. gatech.edu (J.Kostka)
Introduction
The US Department of Energy (DOE) Oak Ridge Integrated Field Research Challenge (ORIFRC) site is
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Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2021, 15(2): 23
characterized by low pH, elevated nitrate, elevated uranium and other heavy metals, and organic pollutants, and has been monitored for decades (Spain and Krumholz, 20
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