Rapid green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from blue gum augment growth and performance of maize, fenugreek, and onio

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Rapid green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from blue gum augment growth and performance of maize, fenugreek, and onion by modulating plants cellular antioxidant machinery and genes expression Mona Soliman1,2 · Sameer H. Qari3 · Abdelghafar Abu‑Elsaoud4 · Mohamed El‑Esawi5 · Haifa Alhaithloul6 · Amr Elkelish4  Received: 13 September 2019 / Revised: 11 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków 2020

Abstract Nanotechnology applications are increasingly utilized to improve crops. Besides their use as antifungal and antimicrobial agents, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are currently exploited to improve seed germination, plant development, and photosynthetic efficiency. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of biosynthesized AgNPs in the seedlings of Zea mays L., Trigonella foenum-graecum L., and Allium cepa L. AgNPs were biosynthesized in the blue gum (Eucalyptus globules) leaves and characterized by UV–Visible spectra, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopic analyses. The biosafety of the AgNPs was tested by cytotoxicity assay, antibacterial activity, and determination of MIC and MBC. The effects of biogenic AgNPs application at different concentrations (25, 50, 75