SEM Studies of Saponin Silver Nanoparticles Isolated From Leaves of Chenopodium album L. for In Vitro Anti-acne Activity
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
SEM Studies of Saponin Silver Nanoparticles Isolated From Leaves of Chenopodium album L. for In Vitro Anti-acne Activity Nidhi Srivastava1 • Monika Choudhary1 • Gauri Singhal1 • Sameer S. Bhagyawant2
Received: 19 September 2018 / Revised: 9 March 2019 / Accepted: 13 April 2019 The National Academy of Sciences, India 2019
Abstract The present study deals with the extraction of sterol-rich compounds and characterization of their nanoparticles from the leaf explant of Chenopodium album L. followed by their anti-acne microbial activity by disk diffusion method. The presence of sterol-rich compounds in the extracted leaf samples was confirmed by the thinlayer chromatography (TLC) followed by further characterization by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on the basis of their peaks compared with stigmasterol (standard). FTIR has revealed alcohol (R–OH), alkane (R–C) and alkene (R=C) groups in the leaf sample. The silver nanoparticles of extracted leaf samples were synthesized and characterized by double-beam UV spectrophotometer (characteristics peak at 421 nm), FTIR spectroscopy (depicted capping of the nanoparticles by the sample extract), Zeta-sizer and Zeta-potential (81 nm, - 32.5 mv), and their particle size was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, i.e., 39–43 nm. Comparatively extracted leaf sterol compounds and their green nanoparticles exhibited in vitro anti-acne activity. Crude sterol sample responded better (42 mm) than its nanoparticles (32 mm) showing inhibition zone against acne-causing
Significance Statement The present study deals with the saponins present in Chenopodium and their nanoparticles against the acne causing bacteria with future suggestion for making formulations against acne. & Nidhi Srivastava [email protected] 1
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith 304022, Rajasthan, India
2
School of Studies in Biotechnology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, MP, India
microbes. Various concentrations with enhanced activity are under optimization process. This preliminary study has exhibited its anti-acne potential, which could be used in therapies and cosmetic applications in future. Keywords Chenopodium album L. Sterol-rich compounds Silver nanoparticles Anti-acne
Introduction Alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins and phenolics (phytochemicals) are the most important secondary metabolites [1]. Among these, saponins are well-known natural surfactant, traditionally used as a detergent. Based on the carbon skeletons, saponins are classified into triterpenes and steroids [2]. Saponins are group of compounds which have a number of pharmacological activities including antioxidant, insecticidal and antimicrobial [3]. Besides causing deadly diseases, today’s basic problem that microbes also cause skin infections like acne, dandruff and localized skin rashes. In therapeutic treatment, phytochemicals present in plant extracts have great significance with antimicrobial properties [4].
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