Sulfurimicrobium lacus gen. nov., sp. nov., a sulfur oxidizer isolated from lake water, and review of the family Sulfuri
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Sulfurimicrobium lacus gen. nov., sp. nov., a sulfur oxidizer isolated from lake water, and review of the family Sulfuricellaceae to show that it is not a later synonym of Gallionellaceae Hisaya Kojima1 · Mamoru Kanda1,2 · Kazuhiro Umezawa1 · Manabu Fukui1 Received: 19 June 2020 / Revised: 19 August 2020 / Accepted: 2 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A facultatively anaerobic sulfur-oxidizing bacterium, strain skT11T, was isolated from anoxic lake water of a stratified freshwater lake. As electron donor for chemolithoautotrophic growth, strain skT11T oxidized thiosulfate, tetrathionate, and elemental sulfur under nitrate-reducing conditions. Oxygen-dependent growth was observed under microoxic conditions, but not under fully oxygenated conditions. Growth was observed at a temperature range of 5–37 °C, with optimum growth at 28 °C. Strain skT11T grew at a pH range of 5.1–7.5, with optimum growth at pH 6.5–6.9. Heterotrophic growth was not observed. Major components in the cellular fatty acid profile were C 16:1 and C 16:0. The complete genome of strain s kT11T consisted of a circular chromosome with a size of 3.8 Mbp and G + C content of 60.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain s kT11T is related to sulfur-oxidizing bacteria of the genera Sulfuricella, Sulfurirhabdus, and Sulfuriferula, with sequence identities of 95.4% or lower. The analysis also indicated that these three genera should be excluded from the family Gallionellaceae, as members of another family. On the basis of its genomic and phenotypic properties, strain s kT11T (= DSM 1 10711 T = NBRC 114323 T) is proposed as the type strain of a new species in a new genus, Sulfurimicrobium lacus gen. nov., sp. nov. In addition, emended descriptions of the families Gallionellaceae and Sulfuricellaceae are proposed to declare that Sulfuricellaceae is not a later synonym of Gallionellaceae. Keywords Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria · Chemolithoautotroph · Sulfuricellaceae; gallionellaceae · Novel genus
Introduction
Communicated by Erko stackebrandt. The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene and the complete genome of strain skT11T are LC533074 and AP022853, respectively. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-02029-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hisaya Kojima [email protected] 1
The Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Kita‑19, Nishi‑8, Kita‑ku, Sapporo 060‑0819, Japan
Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
2
The order Nitrosomonadales originally encompassed three families, Nitrosomonadaceae, Gallionellaceae, and Spirillaceae (Garrity et al. 2005). A restructuring of the order was made by Boden et al. 2017, along with reclassification of some taxa at levels ranging from class to genus (Boden et al. 2017). As a resu
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